TERRA NULLIUS И ОТНОШЕНИЯ ВЛАСТИ В СОЦИАЛЬНОМ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ
Эксплицируется эвристический потенциал концепта terra ius («ничья земля»), который используется для описания динамики отношений власти в социальном пространстве. Terra ius трактуется автором как пространственная лакуна, незаполненный смыслами элемент в структуре социального пространства. Основанием для применения данного концепта стали труды Г. Гроция, Ж.-Ж. Руссо, Г. Гегеля, Ф. Ницше и других авторов. Показано, что концепт terra ius позволяет раскрыть новый теоретико-методологический горизонт философского исследования феноменов власти и социального пространства. ; The aim of the article is to explicate the multidimensional and polysemantic character of the concept "terra ius" ("no man''s land") which can be used to describe the topological relationships in the social space. Social space is permeated by power relations interpreted not as a purely political, but as an ontological phenomenon that pervades all areas of social life. One of the concepts based on the understanding of social space as a network of interdependent elements is "terra ius". Terra ius is a Latin expression that comes from Roman law and literally means "the land that does not belong to anyone; no man''s land". Despite the fact that the concept "terra ius" is mainly used in works on international law, in its heuristic potential it is beyond the scope of the international law. Notions of "no man''s land" are present in the works of H. Grotius, T. Hobbes, J. Locke, J.-J. Rousseau, C. Schmitt, F. Nietzsche and other authors. Terra ius should not be understood exclusively as a purely physical reality. The author treats the "no man''s land" as a lacuna in an interpretation model of reality, a semantically incomplete element in the structure of social space. In the spatial aspect, terra ius is a topos which allows constitution of new social and cultural relations, an area in which there are no established social norms. This space "beyond the line" (C. Schmitt) remains outside the "legal, moral and political evaluations". In this sense, the "no man''s land" can be likened to the state of nature (T. Hobbes, J. Locke). The article on the material of the works of G. Hegel, F. Nietzsche, W. Sombart describes two types of these "free" spaces: firstly, the land area of the New World (America) and, secondly, marine (ocean) space. In addition, the concept "terra ius" may be used not only in spatial but also in temporal sense, indicating a -period of history, prehistorical or non-historical state of society. The close relationship of temporal and spatial meanings of this concept should be emphasized: the space belongs to nobody because it has not accumulated historical traditions and rich historical heritage. This topos has not yet been involved in the world historical process, not laden with historical meanings; therefore, it represents a pure potentiality that is open for the future. The constitution of the "no man''s land" and the establishment of a new center of power within casts doubt on the balance of the existing system of power relations. Therefore, in today''s society to hold or appropriate the space understood as a physical reality, with all its natural resources, infrastructure capacity, socio-cultural and human capital, it is necessary to construct a sign identity of this space element, to understand and interpret it in a new spatial field.