Suchergebnisse

The paper is aimed at establishing the framework for the management of legal risk in business and international legal soundness of multinational and transnational companies. International legal certainty for companies depends on the congruence between the international legal system within the ambit of economic, political and social environments of countries, which scenario opens or catalyzes the legal risk of these. The screening method, at the same time serves as a tool to structure the state of the art of risk in international legal business and legal soundness ; the economic analysis of law, represents the methodological component to take into account in the management of the legal risk and legal soundness in large industries, both fundamental coalesced from the institutional and theoretical approach of business. The topics to be dealt with firstly are aimed in the first place at contextualizing the international legal risk of the legal soundness in businesses. Secondly, the review of institutional approaches and the theory of business in big industry against international legal risk and legal soundness, and thirdly, the management of these areas in Multinational and Transnational corporations. The scope of the company affects the legal risk and their legal soundness . ; El presente escrito está dirigido a establecer el marco de la gestión del riesgo jurídico empresarial y la solvencia legal internacional de las compañías multinacionales y transnacionales. La seguridad jurídica internacional de las empresas depende de la congruencia entre el sistema jurídico internacional entorno a los sistemas económicos, políticos, sociales y territoriales de los países, escenario que abre o cataliza el riesgo jurídico y la solvencia legal de estos. El método exploratorio funge como herramienta para estructurar el estado del arte del riesgo jurídico empresarial internacional y de solvencia jurídica. Entre tanto, el análisis económico del derecho representa el componente metodológico para dar cuenta sobre la gestión del riesgo jurídico y la solvencia legal en las grandes industrias, ambos fundamentos, coligados desde el enfoque institucional y la teoría de la firma. Los temas a tratar estarían encaminados, en primer lugar, a contextualizar el riesgo jurídico internacional y de solvencia legal en las empresas. Segundo, a la revisión de los enfoques institucionales y de la teoría de la firma en la gran industria frente al riesgo jurídico internacional y la solvencia legal, y tercero, la gestión de dichos ámbitos en las empresas multinacionales y transnacionales. El alcance de la empresa incide en el riesgo jurídico y la solvencia legal de ellas.

The Roadmap for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research in Europe (ROAMER) identified child and adolescent mental illness as a priority area for research. CAPICE (Childhood and Adolescence Psychopathology: unravelling the complex etiology by a large Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Europe) is a European Union (EU) funded training network aimed at investigating the causes of individual differences in common childhood and adolescent psychopathology, especially depression, anxiety, and attention defici

Rezensiertes Werk: Internationally administered territories - international protectorates? : an analysis of sovereignty over internationally administered territories with special reference to the legal status of post-war Kosovo / by Daniel Sven Smyrek. - Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2006. - 260 S.- (Tübinger Schriften zum internationalen und europäischen Recht ; 80) Zugl.: Tübingen, Univ., Diss., 2005 ISBN: 3-428-11948-7

In 2016, the Netherlands was required to introduce new European Union (EU)&rsquo ; s (pictorial) tobacco health warnings. Our objective was to describe the pathways through which the new EU tobacco health warnings may influence quit attempts and smoking cessation among Dutch smokers. Longitudinal data from 2016 and 2017 from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Netherlands Survey were used. Smokers who participated in both surveys were included (N = 1017). Structural equation modeling was applied to examine the hypothesized pathways. Health warning salience was positively associated with more health worries (&beta ; = 0.301, p < ; 0.001) and a more positive attitude towards quitting (&beta ; = 0.180, p < ; 0.001), which, in turn, were associated with a stronger quit intention (health worries: &beta ; = 0.304, p < ; 0.001 ; attitude: &beta ; = 0.340, p < ; 0.001). Quit intention was a strong predictor of quit attempts (&beta ; = 0.336, p = 0.001). Health warning salience was also associated with stronger perceived social norms towards quitting (&beta ; = 0.166, p < ; 0.001), which directly predicted quit attempts (&beta ; = 0.141, p = 0.048). Quit attempts were positively associated with smoking cessation (&beta ; = 0.453, p = 0.043). Based on these findings, we posit that the effect of the EU&rsquo ; s tobacco health warnings on quit attempts and smoking cessation is mediated by increased health worries and a more positive attitude and perceived social norms towards quitting. Making tobacco health warnings more salient (e.g., by using plain packaging) may increase their potential to stimulate quitting among smokers.

Inhaltsverzeichnis: Volker Perthes: Deutsche Außenpolitik ... nach Christoph Bertram (5-12); Jens van Scherpenberg: Wirtschaftliche Reformpolitik - Grundlage außenpolitischer Handlungsfähigkeit (13-17); Benjamin Schreer: Streitkräftetransformation kein Selbstläufer (18-21); Peter Rudolf: Die Notwendigkeit einer strategisch reflektierten deutschen Amerikapolitik (22-25); Andreas Maurer: Die Europäische Union zwischen Dauerkrise und Dauerreform (26-29); Heinz Kramer: Die Zukunft der EU: weniger Wunschdenken, mehr Realismus (30-33); Kai-Olaf Lang, Daniela Schwarzer: Die Rolle der Nationalstaaten in der größeren Europäischen Union (34-37); Franz-Lothar Altmann: Die Balkanpolitik als Anstoß zur Europäisierung der deutschen Außenpolitik (38-41); Friedemann Müller: Klimapolitik: Deutschland hat einen Ruf zu verlieren (42-46); Oliver Thränert: Die Zukunft der nuklearen Nichtverbreitungspolitik (47-50); Ulrich Schneckener: Der "Global War on Terror" - notwendige Korrekturen eines Irrwegs (51-55); Johannes Reissner: Islam, Globalisierung und die internationale Politik (56-59); Muriel Asseburg: Nach dem Gaza-Abzug: wie weiter in Nahost? (60-63); Hannes Adomeit, Roland Götz, Rainer Lindner: Rußlands Weg: von Scheinstabilität zu akuter Krise? (64-67); Uwe Halbach: Der Kaukasus wird neu entdeckt. Die EU und Rußland in ihrer schwierigsten Nachbarschaftsregion (68-71); Kay Möller: Metternich in Fernost (72-75); Gudrun Wacker, Christian Wagner: Der Aufstieg Chinas und Indiens. Ordnungspolitik zwischen Multipolarität und Multilateralismus (76-80); Günther Maihold: Neue Führungsmächte des Südens als Partner deutscher Außenpolitik (81-84); Stefan Mair: Von Afrika und anderen Grauzonen deutscher Politik (85-88).

The article is devoted to the phenomenon of "Twitter-diplomacy" as a kind of digital diplomacy and an important tool of political communication, which is used to influence public opinion, in the processes of forming the image of the state or political leaders on international relations today ; Статтю присвячено феномену «Твіттер-дипломатії» як різновиду цифрової дипломатії та важливому інструменту політичної комунікації, який використовується для впливу як на громадську думку, зокрема у процесах формування іміджу держави або політичного лідера, так і для міждержавної комунікації лідерів, і безпосередньо впливає на міжнародні відносини сьогодні

[Abstract] The alkaline comet assay, or single cell gel electrophoresis, is one of the most popular methods for assessing DNA damage in human population. One of the open issues concerning this assay is the identification of those factors that can explain the large inter-individual and inter-laboratory variation. International collaborative initiatives such as the hCOMET project - a COST Action launched in 2016 - represent a valuable tool to meet this challenge. The aims of hCOMET were to establish reference values for the level of DNA damage in humans, to investigate the effect of host factors, lifestyle and exposure to genotoxic agents, and to compare different sources of assay variability. A database of 19,320 subjects was generated, pooling data from 105 studies run by 44 laboratories in 26 countries between 1999 and 2019. A mixed random effect log-linear model, in parallel with a classic meta-analysis, was applied to take into account the extensive heterogeneity of data, due to descriptor, specimen and protocol variability. As a result of this analysis interquartile intervals of DNA strand breaks (which includes alkali-labile sites) were reported for tail intensity, tail length, and tail moment (comet assay descriptors). A small variation by age was reported in some datasets, suggesting higher DNA damage in oldest age-classes, while no effect could be shown for sex or smoking habit, although the lack of data on heavy smokers has still to be considered. Finally, highly significant differences in DNA damage were found for most exposures investigated in specific studies. In conclusion, these data, which confirm that DNA damage measured by the comet assay is an excellent biomarker of exposure in several conditions, may contribute to improving the quality of study design and to the standardization of results of the comet assay in human populations. ; This article is based upon work from COST Action hCOMET CA15132, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology www.cost.eu) - STSM fellowships for Mirta Milić (IMROH, EU 19); IMROH, Zagreb, Croatia, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health (IMROH), Zagreb, Croatia, and the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia (Grant No. 022-0222148-2125) (EU4); Cancer Plan for PestiBG; Grant number: no ENV201401(EU 8, EU9); Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research PRIN 2005, prot. 2005058197 and Cariplo Foundation (Milan, Italy), Rif. Pratica 2007-5810 and Rif. Pratica 2010.2303 (EU 18); Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (AIRC) (IG 2015/17564). (EU19); European Union Integrated Projects New Generis, 6th Framework Programme, Priority 5: Food Quality and Safety; Newborns and Genotoxic Exposure Risks, FOOD-CT-2005-016320 (EU22); ACT project No. 036APy/09 and No. 005DBB/12 (EU 24); FCT-SFRH/BPD/96196/2013, SFRH/BPD/100948/2014, Portugal (EU 26); MZ 2012/8-UKBA-8; VEGA 1/0703/13, APVV 15-0063 (EU30); Xunta de Galicia (XUGA 10605B98; INCITE08PXIB106155PR; ED481B2016/190-0; Grants ED431B2019/02), Spain (EU 32); Grant 01 173034, Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (EU 42); The Centre for Industrial and Technological Development within National Strategic Consortia for Techical Research (Industrial Research diets and food with specific characteristics for elderly, SENIFOOD); University of Navarra LE/97; Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER Obn); Carlos III Health Research Institute (CB12/03/30002); Ministerio de Economia y Compatitividad ('Ramón y Cajal' Programme, RYC-2013-14370) of the Spanish Government for personal support (EU 45); the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic project Healthy Aging in Industrial Environment HAIE (CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000798) which is co-financed by the European Union (European Structural and Investment funds; Operation Programme Research, Development and Education); MYES LO 1508 (EU 46); MICRODIAB Study; ClinicalTrials.org (#NCT02231736) (EU 52); The study was funded by the Italian Ministry for Education, University and Scientific Research (MIUR) - Research No. 2005-062547 (EU14, EU53); Projects financed from Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development #11146002, #175035, #173034 (EU 54); Mehr foundation organisation, UK (EU 55); MCTI/CNPQ No. 01/2016-Universal; FAPESC No. 09/2015; MEC/MCTI/CAPES/CNPQ/FAPS/ No. 09/2014, Brazil (CSA 6); the National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional) with contract number 080.01.06 3447.001 001.052.A (AS4); Slovak Grant Agency (APVT-21 013202, APVT-21- 017704); Ministry of Health, Slovak Republic (2005/43-SZU-21, 2006/07- SZU-02 MZ SR, 2005/42-SZU-20