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Léon Walras (1834-1910) was one of the key thinkers behind the development of marginal utility theory and his introduction of general equilibrium theory is one of the cornerstones of modern economic thought. Now, for the first time, his seminal work Études d'économie politique appliquée, first published in 1898, is available in English. This work sits aside Éléménts d'économie politique pure (1874) and Études d'économie sociale (1896) as one of Walras' crowning achievements. Only the former book, in which Walras advocated regulated free competition, has been translated. In Études d'économie po

This thesis consists of five independent chapters, studying how economic agents respond to unanticipated shocks. Chapter 1 shows that a well-intentioned policy can create unintended barrier to voting by creating seemingly small shocks to voting costs. Election administrators in Munich control precinct size and recruit new polling places to improve voting accessibility, producing variation in the assignment of citizens to polling locations. Event study estimates suggest that moving a polling place causes a persistent shift from in-person to mail-in voting and a transitory drop in total turnout. The results are consistent with inattention to reassignments, causing some voters to miss requesting mail-in ballots and temporarily abstain from voting. Chapters 2-4 study the role of working from home (WFH) in the context of the economic shock induced by the Covid-19 pandemic. Chapter 2 documents inequalities in access to remote work across the economy. Chapter 3 demonstrates that WFH is an effective mitigation policy against a pandemic as it allows firms to reduce infection risk while maintaining business operations. Chapter 4 provides first insights into how the persistent shift toward remote work redistributes alters the geography of offline consumption within German cities. Difference-in-difference estimates suggest that areas with a greater scope to expand WFH experience a lasting increase in local consumer spending. Finally, Chapter 5 studies the consequences of the technological disruption caused by the advent of first-generation broadband internet for world trade. I present a Ricardian model of comparative advantage, predicting that countries with a more developed broadband network specialize in complex goods. Gravity estimates based on bilateral trade among more than 100 countries between 1998 and 2016 support the theory.

Fil: Ertola Navajas, María Gabriela. Universidad de San Andrés. Departamento de Economía; Argentina.

Empirical Studies In Applied Economics presents nine previously unpublished analyses in monograph form. In this work, the topics are presented so that each chapter stands on its own. The emphasis is on the applications but attention is also given to the econometric and statistical issues for advanced readers. Econometric methods include multivariate regression analysis, limited dependent variable analysis, and other maximum likelihood techniques. The empirical topics include the measurement of competition and market power in natural gas transportation markets and in the pharmaceutical market for chemotherapy drugs. Additional topics include an empirical analysis of NFL football demand, the accuracy of an econometric model for mail demand, and the allocation of police services in rural Alaska. Other chapters consider the valuation of technology patents and the determination of patent scope, duration, and reasonable royalty, and the reaction of financial markets to health scares in the fast-food industry. Finally, two chapters are devoted to the theory and testing of synergistic health effects from the combined exposure to asbestos and cigarette smoking

This thesis investigates different social and political aspects of modern economies. The first chapter contributes to the natural resource curse debate, by showing that the impact of resource windfalls is different among democracies and autocracies. The results also point to the existence of a large heterogeneity in the response to resource shocks among autocracies. The second chapter focuses on metropolitan areas in the US, and deals with the issue of social capital formation. I examine one important aspect of social capital, trust, and argue that it is lower when income inequality between different racial groups in the metropolitan area is higher. The third chapter studies the relation between media influence and electoral voting in Italy. I relate electoral outcomes at the municipal level to differences in signal reception of Silvio Berlusconi's private TV network. The results show that greater exposure to commercial television increases support for Silvio Berlusconi's party. ; Aquesta tesi investiga diferents aspectes socials i polítics de les economies modernes. El primer capítol versa sobre el debat a l'entorn dels recursos naturals, mostrant que l'impacte dels guanys imprevistos dels recursos és diferent entre democràcies i autocràcies. Els resultats també indiquen l'existència d'una àmplia heterogeneïtat entre autocràcies en la seva reacció davant a variacions dels recursos. El segon capítol se centra en les àrees metropolitanes dels EUA i tracta el tema de la formació de capital social. He examinat un aspecte important del capital social, la confiança, i, argumento que és baixa quan, en la mateixa zona metropolitana, hi ha una gran desigualtat en les rentes dels diferents grups racials. El tercer capítol estudia la relació entre la influència dels mitjans de comunicació i el vot electoral a Itàlia. He relacionat els resultats electorals a nivell municipal amb les diferències en la recepció del senyal dels canals privats de televisió de Silvio Berlusconi. El resultat mostra que una gran exposició a la ...

Discussing a wide range of topics of contemporary relevance from the domain of finance and economics, this book presents a collection of twenty-four research papers, which were selected on the basis of their topicality, the novelty of their methods, and the importance of their subject matter. All papers pursue an empirical approach to address key research issues, and are categorized into three major parts. Part one includes papers related to development economics and environmental economics. The second part focuses on monetary economics, public economics, and behavioral economics, while the third tackles issues concerning corporate finance and financial risk management. Bringing together works of scholars from around the world, the book presents a truly global perspective, and not only serves as an essential guide on the topic for researchers, but also has a distinctive role to play in policymaking.--