Suchergebnisse

Examines May 1998 dispute over the Yirga Triangle, a 150 square mile desert area, and efforts by international mediators, including the Organization of African Unity (OAU), to resolve it. Included in a collection of articles under the overall title "Geography and the boundaries of confidence".

1. Introduction : contravening world-views of people competing for boundaries and resources -- 2. Colonial intrusion and border battles -- 3. The emerging United States and its expansionist mandate -- 4. North America and the neocolonial conflicts of the 20th century -- 5. From NAFTA to the 21st century.

Along 188 years Peru and Ecuador maintained an open dispute over their shared border line. A Conflict that started in 19th century based on Independency theories over South-American boundaries had its end in 1998 through a peaceful process of conflict resolution. The peace process was influenced by International Relation theories and ideas such as international regimes, globalization, integration, cooperation, social development and political regional traditions. The conflict resolution process did not focus only in bringing peace by settling the border line between Peru and Ecuador, but it focused instead on the creation of an international regime between Peru and Ecuador to proportionate binational/and regional social and economic development, economic integration, and political cooperation. The conflict resolution process was successful and it highlighted a new era for South-America International Relations.

The aim is this study is to come up with new proposals as to how to solve or prevent conflicts in Africa. The focus is on border conflicts and more specifically on the Cameroon-Nigeria border conflict over the Bakassi Peninsular. Conflict prevention and Management has been of great concern to modern states as well as other organizations. This is because of the increasing number of conflicts in the world and in Africa in particular. There are many ways used to prevent and/or solve conflicts but most of them have not succeeded in their missions especially those in Africa. It is usually presumed that the failures are due to foreign measures which are imposed on the African countries. According to some social scientists, African nations should play a greater role in conflict prevention in their continent. International supports which mostly come from Europe and the US (United States) have included aid, peace keeping forces and others ...

The dynamism of Sino-Indian relations is a key determinant of the connectivity, geopolitics and geo-economics of the region and a driver of politics and economy of South Asia. China and India are collaborating with each other in multiple sectors but at the same time they are unable to resolve their border disputes. Due to that, tensions on the border are a routine matter. In June 2017, a border conflict escalated to a ten weeks military standoff at the Doklam Plateau, i.e., an area claimed by China and owned by Bhutan. There was a continuous threat that military stalemate will turn into a full-fledged war anytime but nevertheless the conflict ended without any major confrontation. There were certain factors including geopolitical situation, trade relations, economic ties, power imbalance and international image, etc. that led to de-escalation of conflict. The paper recommends that both the nations have to work on some permanent solutions for resolution of these territorial disputes because they may sabotage the peace process anytime affecting not only the bilateral relations but peace and harmony of the entire South Asian region.

Being two giant economic players of the world, China and India experienced a disastrous border conflict in the Ladakh area of the Line of Actual Control (LAC) during April 2020, just at the beginning of the Covid-19 outbreak. This theoretical paper is an effort to identify the tentative impact of that border clash on the bilateral trade between two countries from the perspective of regional geopolitics. The author has utilized secondary information such as newspapers articles, journal articles, online sources, and economists' opinions on this issue as well as has made some predictions based on the previous bilateral trade statistics. The author proposes that even though the border issue has become very sensitive and important for both countries regarding the geopolitical necessity, the bilateral trade scenario will not be much affected on a substantial scale on a long-term basis. The author further predicts that a likely trade conflict between the two economically promising countries will be contagious for both. Finally, the author expects this paper to be beneficial for further research attempts focusing on the geopolitical economy of bilateral trade.

Opinion and understanding on the consequences of violent conflict on women, and the importance of their participation in peacebuilding processes is varied. What exactly are women's roles in violent conflict transformation and peacebuilding? What can be done to enhance women's role and contribution to peacebuilding processes? This study addresses these and other questions concerning women's experiences of and responses to violent conflict. Drawing from the human needs approach, the study explores grassroots women's engagement of peacebuilding through the promotion of social capital as both a public and private good. The study explores how, women have (re)discovered, (re)formulated, (re)framed and (re)adapted their traditional gender roles for peacebuilding, empowerment and development. The adopted indigenous conflict resolution approaches, knowledge and citizen peacekeeping are playing a prominent role in reappraising and building sustainable peace. Individually and collectively, women contribute to peacebuilding in many ways; though their contributions are often neglected because they take avant-garde forms, occur outside formal peace processes or are considered extensions of women's existing gender roles. The study is based on an ethnographic case study of Kenya's Sotik/Borabu cross-border conflict.