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Purpose
The credit card market is very large and segmented by targeting different types of consumers. One type of credit card is one that specifically targets people in the education sector, for instance, students, teachers and other staff members. This study aims to compare the features of education and other credit cards in Malaysia.


Design/methodology/approach
The study analyzes data concerning 234 credit cards by using descriptive statistics and a one-way analysis of variance test.


Findings
Out of 234 credit cards, this study found only two credit cards especially target education sector customers. The study evaluated 13 features of these credit cards and found that only 2 features are statistically significantly different from other conventional credit cards in Malaysia. These features are interest rate and cash withdrawal charge fees.


Originality/value
This is an original study based on the compilation of data from secondary sources. The findings will provide valuable insights to financial regulatory policymakers, academics and business managers.

This paper examines the relationship between Certified Public Manager (CPM) programs offered through state governments and university public administration programs. In particular, it analyzes how university credit is offered for completion of management development training received in CPM programs. The collaboration between state training agencies and universities has been shown to benefit both parties, and the respective curricula can be complementary rather than competitive. As these relationships become more common, a logical question is likely to arise about whether university credit should be offered for completion of CPM curriculum. Through looking at the various partnership relationships of CPM programs offered in 25 jurisdictions, this paper focuses on whether each CPM program offered university credit, and if so, what its rationale was for doing so, what its criteria for offering that credit was, and what the institutional relationship between the program and universities that accept its CPM program credit looked like. Results show that all programs reviewed are either currently offering credit or plan to in the future based on varied criteria and relationships with universities. Linking CPM programs to university credit could have an influence on the quality of curricula and instruction to make CPM programs a more integral part of graduate education.

Despite government's huge investments in the informal sector activities, women are constrained in the credit market mainly due to culture; norms and lack of collateral securities as majority of women do not have control over productive capital. As a way of improving access to credit by women, the Government recently launched a number of women empowerment policies among them is the improved access to credit from financial institutions. Using individual firm level data and a methodological approach consisting of endogenous switching regression approach, this study intends to empirically investigate whether the improved credit access by women is justified in Zimbabwe. An endogenous switching regression is appropriate to deal with individual heterogeneity and examine whether access to credit is gender-based. The results showed that there is no discrimination in the credit market as there is no significant difference in access to credit between male and female entrepreneurs. However, there is a slight significant improvement in firm performance due to access to credit. The study recommends that Microcredit be made more flexible and to incorporate special relief non-financial intermediations to meet so as cater for the gender needs of household and community. ; https://www.abacademies.org/journals/academy-of-entrepreneurship-journal-home.html ; pm2021 ; Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)

Finance is the most essential requirement for any business and the need for the same for a micro or a small enterprise cannot be stressed enough. On one hand large source of finance can make a business blossom while a constrained one can make a business struggle. Many business entities failed because of lake of finances, which is a big disappointment. According to Mr Uday Kumar Varma Secretary, Ministry of MSME "bankers have maintained that MSME lending is growing 20-22% year-on-year, even though the overall demand for credit appears to far outstrip the credit flow" on the flip side authorities seem to be working overtime to get the situation better for all concerned. One must understand as to why MSMEs have to struggle with finances considering that there are many sources available for availing finance. Sources include banks, large organisations and small merchants amongst others. MSMEs generally have no or very little track record which acts as a bottleneck in their way to getting reasonable access to credit. The banks while looking to lend to MSMEs are looking for collaterals to safeguard against a possibility of Non Performing Assets (NPA), which is not always possible for MSMEs to provide. After a long journey since independence it was felt to cater such vibrant entrepreneurs who have capability, competency, strength, technically sound but no security to offer to banker to safeguard their investment. Keeping this objective in view, Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSME), Government of India launched Credit Guarantee Scheme (CGS) so as to strengthen credit delivery system and facilitate flow of credit to the MSE sector. To operationalise the scheme, Government of India and SIDBI set up the Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE).So in the paper we have discussed about the CGTMSE as a ray of hope for the genuine entrepreneurs lacking of security and guarantee.

The study empirically examines the effect of deposit money banks credit on agricultural sector performance in Nigeria from 1986 to 2016. The data for the empirical analysis was sourced from secondary data sources various issues of the CBN statistical bulletin. The study used agricultural sector output (ASP) to proxy agricultural sector performance as the dependent variable whereas Deposit Money Banks' Credit to Agricultural Sector (BCA) was the major explanatory variable while Interest Rate (INR) and Government Expenditure on Agriculture (GEA) are the check regressors as to enhance the explanatory power of the model. The study employed descriptive statistic, Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), unit root test, co-integration and ECM methods of analysis as the analytical tools. The results revealed that there is no co-integrating (or long run) relationship between deposit money banks' credit to agricultural sector and the performance of agricultural sector in Nigeria during the period of study; Deposit money banks' credit to agricultural sector (BCA) had a positive and a significant impact on Agricultural Sector performance (ASP); Interest Rate (INR) had a negative insignificant relationship with Agricultural Sector performance (ASP). Also, the study revealed that government expenditure on agricultural sector (GEA) had a positive insignificant relationship on Agricultural Sector performance (ASP). Consequent upon the above, it is recommended that efforts should be made by the government and private individuals to encourage or increase investment in the agricultural sector. The lending rate on loans to the agricultural sector should be reviewed and fixed at a rate that would encourage farmers to acquire loans from deposit money banks.