Suchergebnisse

This article reports the findings of an experiment designed to test whether it is possible to manipulate citizens' evaluations of environmental quality standards. The results of the experiment suggest that various authority sources, especially Ralph Nader for the sample employed in the experiment, can be major determinants of how citizens evaluate environmental quality.

For purposes of planning and for impact studies, definition of environmental quality and instruments for its measurement are badly needed. Efforts in this area have largely been subjective, have depended upon expert judgment, and have been concerned with specific, isolated aspects of environmental quality rather than being directed to description of the domain in terms of its major dimensions. This study used the responses of 2,541 residents of the San Francisco Bay Area to items developed largely from open-ended questions asked of persons in that and another metropolitan area, and subjected them to the objective method of factor analysis to provide an empirical description of environmental quality in reference to residential use. The study produced 20 clean and meaningful factors which provide, from the viewpoint of residents, a more finely differentiated definition of environmental quality than has previously been available. The data collection instrument, with minor modifications, can serve as an instrument to measure residential environmental quality and will be useful to planners and in evaluative studies of a variety of environmental interventions. The methodology can be used to further refine the definition and measurement of environmental quality for residential purposes and should prove equally useful in regard to environmental quality in relation to other land uses.

The basic task of protection and control of environmental quality involves the integration of man's arti ficial and managed systems with the evolved systems of the natural world. Imbalances and incongruities among these systems are the underlying causes of resource depletion, pollution, and qualitative deterioration of the environment. The essential purpose of environmental administration is therefore to obtain a synthesis of artificial and natural systems that will simultaneously serve man's needs and values, and maintain the life-support systems of the biosphere upon which man's welfare and survival ultimately depend. New struc tures and procedures of planning and control appear to be inevitable if contemporary man is to deal effectively with the circumstances that he has himself created. But governmental reorganization cannot safely be undertaken solely with respect to environmental needs. Provision for meeting the environ mental challenge, if it is to be effective, must be made within the context of the broad range of issues and problems confronting contemporary society.

CLIMA 2019 Congress ; The European Commission in 2010 accepted Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) and the 2012 Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) are the main energy conservation legislative instruments for to reduce the energy consumption of new built and renovated buildings in Europe. The national regulation based on EPBD states that after the year 2016 only so called ultra-low energy buildings can be built. The next tightening in energy saving will come after 2021 (for commercial buildings after 2019), when only nearly zero energy buildings (NZEB) would be allowed to build. It means that these buildings must fulfil A0 category requirements by energy labelling. But what about the indoor environmental quality in objects like this? This article shows results of indoor environmental quality measurement in NZEB building. Indoor air temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide concentration and air exchange rate had been measured. Except these parameters energy consumption from the grid and from the photovoltaic panel had been evaluated. ; Energie-Umweltmanagement ; Forschung Burgenland