Suchergebnisse

Nach einem historischen Rückblick auf die von Kemal Atatürk geprägte Politik in Bezug auf die ethnische Identität der Türkei, untersucht der Autor die von Turgut Özal von 1983 bis 1993 verfolgte Politik. Wie der Autor zeigt, wandte sich diese von Atatürks Vorbild ab und griff zurück auf das osmanische Modell des "millet"-Systems, das eine Vielzahl von religiösen und ethnischen Identitäten umfasste und der heutigen Realität der Türkei damit besser entspricht. Özals Politik wird v.a. in Bezug auf die Kurden in der Türkei betrachtet, welche die größte ethnische Minorität innerhalb der Türkei ausmachen. (DÜI-Mjr)

This article analyzes two key aspects of the ethnopolitical processes underway in the Caucasus in the context of globalization: how globalization affects the ethnic processes proper, and how it is reflected in the forms of their political institutionalization. The author looks into two opposing global trends that have gained momentum in the 21st century: ethnic consolidation and ethnopolitical mobilization, on the one hand, and the integration of ethnic groups and quest for new forms of global community, on the other.

The article is part of a study of issues of Polish ethnic policy. Its main aim is to present to the reader different theoretical approaches of social science researchers to the subject of ethnic policy. It consists of two parts. The first of these is dedicated to the various definitions of ethnic policy. The second specifies different models and typologies of the subject.

Ethnic considerations have often played a part in the development of U.S. public policy, even for policies not directly targeting ethnic groups. This book surveys the impact of specific legislation on ethnics, particularly European ethnics, from a historical perspective. Its primary focus, however, is the contemporary body of legislation and regulation based on the 1964 Civil Rights Act, which laid the foundation for a conscious and comprehensive racial and ethnic policy intended to aid disadvantaged minorities. One of the major outcomes of the 1964 act was the implementation of affirmative action programs, mandated by the federal government for its own agencies, for federally funded institutions, and for private enterprise. Implementation depended on data collection based on federally developed racial and ethnic categories. Because European ethnics were not included as an identifiable category, many, discovered Dr. Lescott-Leszczynski, felt that preferential treatment for certain other ethnic groups operated to their disadvantage; ethnic tension inevitably resulted. Through a systematic review of laws, executive orders, federal agency directives, and related jurisprudence, Dr. Lescott-Leszczynski conveys the extent to which social change has been effected by ethnic policies and explores the ways in which ethnic policy develops, how it is expressed, how it is implemented, and how it is challenged.

Building on evidence that Latino voters participate at higher rates when co-ethnic candidates appear on the ballot, we report the results from a field experiment examining whether co-ethnic policy leadership can produce similar mobilization in direct democracy elections. The study features a direct-mail campaign conducted during California's 2010 statewide primary election aimed at mobilizing Latino voters. The experiment included variation in the language of the message sent to voters and the extent to it emphasized the pivotal role played by a prominent Latino official in placing the policy on the ballot. We find that mobilization messages are most effective when they target voters using their preferred language, at least for English-dominant Latinos. By contrast, our experiment yielded no evidence that co-ethnic policy leadership increased voter turnout, although we do show that female voters participate at higher rates when the mobilization campaign prominently features a high-profile female official. These divergent effects provide lessons for the study of ethnic political participation and for the design of effective mobilization campaigns aimed at boosting Latino turnout.

Building on evidence that Latino voters participate at higher rates when co-ethnic candidates appear on the ballot, we report the results from a field experiment examining whether co-ethnic policy leadership can produce similar mobilization in direct democracy elections. The study features a direct-mail campaign conducted during California's 2010 statewide primary election aimed at mobilizing Latino voters. The experiment included variation in the language of the message sent to voters and the extent to it emphasized the pivotal role played by a prominent Latino official in placing the policy on the ballot. We find that mobilization messages are most effective when they target voters using their preferred language, at least for English-dominant Latinos. By contrast, our experiment yielded no evidence that co-ethnic policy leadership increased voter turnout, although we do show that female voters participate at higher rates when the mobilization campaign prominently features a high-profile female official. These divergent effects provide lessons for the study of ethnic political participation and for the design of effective mobilization campaigns aimed at boosting Latino turnout.

Building on evidence that Latino voters participate at higher rates when co-ethnic candidates appear on the ballot, we report the results from a field experiment examining whether co-ethnic policy leadership can produce similar mobilization in direct democracy elections. The study features a direct-mail campaign conducted during California's 2010 statewide primary election aimed at mobilizing Latino voters. The experiment included variation in the language of the message sent to voters and the extent to it emphasized the pivotal role played by a prominent Latino official in placing the policy on the ballot. We find that mobilization messages are most effective when they target voters using their preferred language, at least for English-dominant Latinos. By contrast, our experiment yielded no evidence that co-ethnic policy leadership increased voter turnout, although we do show that female voters participate at higher rates when the mobilization campaign prominently features a high-profile female official. These divergent effects provide lessons for the study of ethnic political participation and for the design of effective mobilization campaigns aimed at boosting Latino turnout. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Inc., copyright holder.]

This book surveys the impact of specific legislation on ethnics, particularly European ethnics, from a historical perspective. It conveys the extent to which social change has been effected by ethnic policies and explores the ways in which U.S. ethnic policy develops and how it is challenged.

The last few years have seen a vigorous public policy debate emerge over a "secondgeneration" ethnic policy (di'erdai minzu zhengce) which, if implemented, would constitute a major revision of ethnic politics in China. Despite the fact that nationalities policy is a notoriously sensitive subject within China, the debate is happening openly in newspapers, academic journals and on the Internet. The prominence accorded to anthropological theory and international comparison is a notable feature of the debate. This article first explores the main positions in the ongoing policy discussion, then goes on to argue that, rather than comparing China's non-Han peoples to minority immigrant populations in the industrialized democracies, a better comparison is to indigenous peoples. It then considers why this perspective is completely missing from the present debate. (China J/GIGA)