Suchergebnisse

Past and future consequences and the eventual Scandinavian role within the planned European Economic Area.

These reports describe the data protection laws of the European Union (Part I) and of selected foreign countries (Part II). They describe the legal framework for the collection, use, and transfer of data, and examine whether existing laws are adequate to deal with online privacy in an era of rapid technological development and globalization

In the early 1970s, the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA) began to revise its trade policy towards the outside world. It needed to counter the European Community's bid to implement its Common Commercial Policy and thereby change East-West trade practices. Foreign trade priorities became at once a crucial issue on the socialist countries' political agenda. The key question was whether they would have to open their system to the global economy - and bear the consequent pressures and competition that this decision entailed. Based on newly declassified archival sources, this study show

IN RAISING THE ISSUE OF WHAT ENVIRONMENTAL MEASURES ARE COMPATIBLE WITH THE GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE (GATT), SOME RECENT DECISIONS HAVE SOLIDIFIED MANY OF THE ISSUES AND CONCERNS THAT UNDERLIE THE "TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT" DEBATE. THIS ARTICLE DISCUSSES THESE ISSUES AND CONCERNS, AS WELL AS TO ATTEMPT TO OFFER SOME MODEST PROPOSALS TOWARDS THE SOLUTION OF THE VARIOUS CONFLICTS THAT MAY ARISE BETWEEN FREE TRADE AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. IT BRIEFLY DESCRIBES THE MAIN INSTITUTIONAL AND SUBSTANTIVE ASPECTS OF THE GATT, AS RECENTLY SUBSUMED BY THE WTO. THE COMPATIBILITY OF TRADE-RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL MEASURES WITH THE GATT/WTO FRAMEWORK ARE DISCUSSED, AS ARE THE IMPACT OF GATT/WTO RULES ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION (EU) AND THE COMMUNICATION OF THE EU COMMISSION ON TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT.