Suchergebnisse

Introduction -- Histories of fear of crime -- Fear of crime before "fear of crime" / Barry Godfrey -- "Hot under the collar" : the garrotting moral panic of the 1860's / Chas Critcher -- The discovery of fear of crime in the U.K. / Mike Hough -- The ebbs and flows of anxiety : how emotional responses to crime and disorder influenced social policy in the U.K. in the twenty-first century / Emily Gray -- Mediating fear of crime -- Fear the monster : racialised violence, sovereign power and the thin blue line / Travis Linnemann and Corina Medley -- After the culture of fear : fear of crime in the United States half a century on / Jonathan Simon -- Fear 2.0 : worry about cybercrime in England and Wales / Ian Brunton-Smith -- Beyond moral panic : young people and fear of crime / Kelly Richards and Murray Lee -- Nothing to fear but fear itself? : liquid provocations for new media and fear of crime / Jamie K. Wardman -- Methodologies and conceptual debates -- A construal-level approach to the fear of crime / Ioanna Gusetti -- Qualifying fear of crime : multi-methods approaches / Murray Lee and Justin R. Ellis -- Visual methods in research on fear of crime : a critical assessment / Gabry Vanderveen -- The perils of "uncertainty" for fear of crime research in the twenty-first century / Will McGowan -- Dissecting and Stratifying Fear of Crime -- Crime and the fear of Muslims / Scott Poynting -- Gender, violence and fear of crime : women as fearing subjects? / Sandra Walklate -- Discovering "the enemy within" : the state, fear and criminology / Karen Evans -- Law, regulation and policing the fear of crime -- In the eye of the (motivated) beholder : towards a motivated cognition perspective on disorder perceptions / Jonathan Jackson, Ben Bradford, Ian Brunton-Smith and Emily Gray -- Countering the fears of terrorism : policing and community relations / Basia Spalek and Tracey Davanna -- Do police officers fear crime in the same way as the population? : results of a local police survey on insecurity and fear of crime in Switzerland / Christine Burkhardt, Natalia Delgrande and Partice Villettaz -- Policing, performance indicators and fear of crime / Alyce McGovern -- Curating risk, selling safety? : fear of crime, responsibilisation and the surveillance school economy / Emmeline Taylor -- Contexts and geographies of fear of crime -- Removing fear of crime : the role of regulation in creating safer spaces for sex workers / Teela Sanders and Lynzi Armstrong -- Fear and insecurity in Latin America / Lucia Dammert and Felipe Salazar -- Fear of crime and overall anxieties in rural areas : the case of Sweden / Vania Ceccato -- Additive and synergistic perceived risk of crime : a multilevel longitudinal study in Peru / Wilson Hernandez -- Punitive populism and fear of crime in Central America / Sebastian Huhn -- Fear of crime research in China / Jianhong Liu and Shan Cui -- Connecting fear of crime : new approaches and ways forward -- How to break a rape culture : gendered fear of crime and the myth of the stranger-rapist / Alex Fanghangel -- Becoming feared : fashioning and projecting the violent self / Mark Halsey -- The fear drop / Marnix Eysnick Smeets and Pim Foekens -- "Hyphenated fears" and "camouflaged" responses : fear of crime, war and militarism / Ross McGarry -- Conclusion

This article introduces the fear of crime to risk research, noting a number of areas for future interdisciplinary study. First, the article analyzes both the career of the concept of fear of crime and the politics of fear. Second, it considers research and theory on the psychology of risk, particularly the interplay between emotion and cognition, and what might be called the risk as image perspective. Third, the article speculates how people learn about risk and suggests how to customize a social amplification of risk framework to fear of crime. Finally, the article advances the argument that fear of crime may be an individual response to community social order and a generalized attitude toward the moral trajectory of society. Each of these areas of discussion has implications for future theoretical developments within risk research; each highlights how risk research can contribute to the social scientific understanding of an important issue of the day.

This article investigates different types of fear of crime as predictors for punitive attitudes. Using data from a Germany-wide representative survey (n = 1272) it examines the reliability and validity of survey instruments through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and uses structural equation modeling (SEM) to explain variations in the level of respondents' punitive attitudes. The results show that different emotional and cognitive responses to crime have a distinctive effect on the formation of punitive attitudes. These effects vary significantly depending on socio-demographic factors and assumed purposes of punishment. A crucial observation of the study is that men's fear of crime works in a different way in the formation of punitive attitudes than women's fear of crime. The perceived locus of control for the crimethreat is a possible explanation for this difference.

As well as finding empirical relationships between victimisation, key socio-demographic variables, and various psychological and environmental processes, criminologists have long suspected that the feelings now identified, corralled together and labelled as 'the fear of crime' have roots in the wider shifts in the social, economic bases of society. In this paper, and using survey data from a nationally-representative sample of Britons aged over 16 (n = 5781), we explore the relationships between feelings of political and social nostalgia and the fear of crime. We find that nostalgia is indeed strongly related to crime fears, and, indeed, stronger even than variables such as victimisation, gender, and age (three of the frequently cited associates of fear). We go on to explore these relationships further in terms of different socio-economic classes, and relate feelings of nostalgia and fear to their recent (i.e. post-1945) historical trajectories. ; Economic and Social Research Council, as award ES/P002862/1

International audience ; Caracas is one of the most dangerous cities in the world, and insecurity is among the core concerns of Venezuelans. Urban insecurity shapes the anxious meta-narrative of an urbanity in crisis. The Caracazo (uprising that caused hundreds of deaths in 1989 in Caracas) defines a critical turn in the experiencing of urban fears, at least among middle-class sectors: the myth of an inclusive-urbanity-in-a-democratic-society breaks up when traditionally excluded people burst into the formal city. Former social framing and State-society ties are undermined in a time of crisis. The growing fear of insecurity triggers off socio-spatial transformations which are actually socially and racially driven. This paper aims at politicizing fear of crime and insecurity in Caracas by "situating" it, and by underlying its performativity. As a socially-contingent category, fear can be instrumentalized in different ways. It appears that fear of crime and insecurity contributes to consolidate, more than create, urban territorialities grounded on classism and racism. The hegemonic narrative of fear is powerful - and legitimate - enough not to address root drivers of fragmenting dynamics, as a technology of control. Nevertheless, the unexpected implications that current fear of crime might bring are challenging an unequal socio-spatial order, sign of contested supremacies.

International audience ; Caracas is one of the most dangerous cities in the world, and insecurity is among the core concerns of Venezuelans. Urban insecurity shapes the anxious meta-narrative of an urbanity in crisis. The Caracazo (uprising that caused hundreds of deaths in 1989 in Caracas) defines a critical turn in the experiencing of urban fears, at least among middle-class sectors: the myth of an inclusive-urbanity-in-a-democratic-society breaks up when traditionally excluded people burst into the formal city. Former social framing and State-society ties are undermined in a time of crisis. The growing fear of insecurity triggers off socio-spatial transformations which are actually socially and racially driven. This paper aims at politicizing fear of crime and insecurity in Caracas by "situating" it, and by underlying its performativity. As a socially-contingent category, fear can be instrumentalized in different ways. It appears that fear of crime and insecurity contributes to consolidate, more than create, urban territorialities grounded on classism and racism. The hegemonic narrative of fear is powerful - and legitimate - enough not to address root drivers of fragmenting dynamics, as a technology of control. Nevertheless, the unexpected implications that current fear of crime might bring are challenging an unequal socio-spatial order, sign of contested supremacies.

Social fear of crime is a phenomenon of interest to scientific disciplines. The present study draws primarily on the achievements of criminology. It shows that there are different ways of interpreting fear of crime, explaining its causes and responding to it. The conclusions also depend on the perspectives - whether it is the perspective of an individual, small social groups or large social structures. There are always objective and subjective elements in evaluations, including irrational ones. The latter hinder rational criminal policy. Fear of crime has negative social consequences, such as a loss of citizens' sense of security, aggressive attitudes, a loss of trust in law enforcement services, a reduction in the need for social contact, a reduction in the willingness to provide assistance - as a result, an increase in crime and an even greater sense of threat, particularly affecting socially weaker groups. The rigour and emotional approach to the problem of punishing criminals, resulting from the fear of crime, gives rise to the phenomenon of so-called penal populism, often used by politicians with the participation of the media. Finally, the economic costs of social fear of crime are not insignificant.
For these reasons, the phenomenon should not be underestimated, but should not be overestimated, because in the context of other threatening situations and various dangers, it does not constitute the main feeling of threat to citizens and is far behind such fears as social, economic, health, fear of war, etc. Favourable developments in areas other than internal security, e.g. increased prosperity reduces social fear of crime more than restrictive criminal law.

The aim of this study is to examine the spread and determinants of fear of crime in Italy. A secondary analysis was performed on the 1995 Italian National Statistics Institute data (Italian representative sample: 19,785 participants). In addition, data from official judicial statistics were analyzed. Main results are as follows: (a) fear of crime correlates with crime spread; (b) fear of crime is more widespread than crime itself; (c) the best predictors of fear of crime are urbanization, degradation of residential areas, and residence in Northeastern Italy; (d) criminal victimization exerts a minor influence on fear of crime; and (e) sociodemographic variables under investigation exert little influence on fear of crime. These results are discussed in reference to international literature, and possible subsequent lines of research are suggested.