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In my note, I maintained that Russia ran a current deficit during the industrialization era and that Russian trade statistics were not biased in the directions suggested by Sontag. 1 refrained from making comments on the foreign policy implications of the current account deficit, as I did not feel qualified to do so.

With regard to human rights abuses, Casey mentions violent attacks against opposition demonstrations. Although it is true that people were killed during demonstrations between April 2002 and March 2004 (hardly before or since that period), there are several facts one should be aware of when drawing conclusions about the Chávez government with regard to this violence. First, the violence came from both sides of Venezuela's political divide and affected both Chávez supporters and opponents equally. Chávez's security forces, however, were almost never responsible for these deaths. Rather, in all except for one case the deaths were caused either by unidentified shooters (such as during the April 2002 coup), civilians from both sides, or by city police under the control of a city mayor who was with the opposition.

Over the past decade or so geographic information systems (GIS) methodology has become an accepted tool in historical research (Gregory and Ell 2007; Knowles 2008). Although often regarded as a mapping tool, GIS is perhaps better thought of as a type of database. What makes a GIS database unique is that a location is stored for each item of data, with this location taking any of a variety of forms: a point, a line, a polygon representing an area or zone, or, in the case of a raster system, a pixel. GIS can then present instantly on the screen a map showing the distribution of any variable or combination of variables in any of the chosen locational formats. This electronic display of information becomes an analytic tool, allowing the refinement of research questions, with answers displayed instantly: GIS creates a display of information once visible only in paper form, drawn slowly and expensively first by cartographers and then by vector plotters. GIS and its associated tools transform mapping into a dynamic exploratory process.

For Humanity , Janet Roitman, and Ken Harrow interviewed Gregory Mann on some of the major themes of Mann's book From Empire to NGOs in the West African Sahel: the Road to Nongovernmentality . Key points of debate include NGO activity and foreign Human Rights engagement in West Africa, the meaning of "government" in the region, the nature of African sovereignty in the neoliberal era, and the capacity of the discipline of history to contribute to an understanding of contemporary Africa.

Diplomatic Immunities — Legation Staff — Assistant Naval Attaché — Exemption from Judicial Process — The Law of Ceylon.

Diplomatic Immunities — Scope of — Embassy Staff — Assistant to Naval Attaché — Immunity of — The Law of Ceylon.

Juliet Gregory discusses how she got into politics, her initial petition to become a mayoral candidate in Missoula, Montana, being denied, the process she went through to have the petition accepted, and getting her name put on the ballot. She also describes the opposition she faced during her mayoral campaign from Charles Doherty, editor of the Missoula County Times, and the backlash she faced due to prior reform attempts in her community. Gregory discusses her relationship with the Missoula City Council, her efforts to put more women into city positions, and her attempts to weed out corruption in the fire department. She talks about her focus on creating restrictions on prostitution, as well as difficulties she faced as a woman during her time in office. Gregory discusses how she worked with various businesses in Missoula, Montana, such as the Missoula Mercantile, during her time as mayor. She talks about how she made connections with influential people in Missoula and the inspections she sanctioned in town. She recalls the controversy over her administration's installation of parking meters in downtown Missoula as well as the subsequent lawsuit during which she was forced her to defend in court the use of the meters. Gregory also describes her relationship with the press and her ideas about women working when they have families. ; https://scholarworks.umt.edu/mtwomen_oralhistory/1047/thumbnail.jpg

Intro -- Prologue: Cybernetics, Bateson, and the Missile Crisis -- Gregory Bateson and Octopus -- Brief Outline of the Book -- Letter from Gregory Bateson to Warren McCulloch, MC 1039-10a, October 25, 1962 -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Bateson, Cybernetics, and Nonverbal Communication -- 1.1 History of Bateson's Interest -- 1.2 Humor and Humans - A Non-Digression into the Carrier Wave -- 1.3 Nonverbal Nations -- Chapter 2: Bateson, Relationship, and the Biologists -- 2.1 The Relational Abstract -- 2.2 Critique of Conventional Biological and Scientific Ideas -- 2.3 The Question of Instinct -- 2.4 The Carrier Wave -- Chapter 3: Relationship and Metaphor: A Bird Courtship Interlude -- 3.1 Courtship Feeding as Abductive Metaphor -- Chapter 4: Among Wolves and Logicians, by Gregory Bateson -- Chapter 5: Human-Animal Interactions and the "Carrier Wave" -- 5.1 Cetaceans, Communication, and Music -- Chapter 6: Analog and Digital Communication, and Similar Contrasts -- 6.1 Analog and Digital -- 6.2 Primary Process -- 6.3 Digital Number and Analog Quantity -- 6.4 The Mu-Function -- 6.5 The "Ballading" of the Jackdaws -- 6.6 The Absence of a "Not" in Analog Communication -- 6.7 Left and Right Hemispheres -- Chapter 7: G. Spencer Brown on the Paradoxes of "Not" - And Gregory Bateson on the Richness of Analog Communication -- 7.1 Further Spencer Brown on the Peculiarities of the "Not" Message -- 7.2 Spencer Brownian Communion and the "Restricted Code" -- 7.2.1 The Communicational Richness of (Human) Interaction: A Partial Digression -- 7.3 The Cybernetics of Human Talk: Interaction Analysis, 2008 -- 7.4 The Cybernetics of Human Talk: The Natural History of an Interview, 1955-1971 -- 7.5 Transmutation of Freudian Concepts into Communication Theory -- 7.6 Kinesic Speculations -- 7.7 Lack of Translatability.