Suchergebnisse

The broad aim of this study is to investigate and recommend a model which would contribute to finding a solution to the AIDS pandemic facing the insurance industry. At present HIV positive persons are excluded from obtaining life insurance, and as a result of this they are excluded from obtaining access to finance as a life insurance policy is a vital financial instrument when attempting to access finance. The insurance industry has decided to protect itself and its response to the pandemic smacks of crisis intervention rather an attempt to find a solution acceptable to all parties. The intention is to investigate the role that all stakeholders, the public sector, the state and the industry can play in contributing to an imaginative response posed by this challenge. This study explores the causes and prognosis of AIDS, how the life insurance industry operates, how necessary life insurance is, strategies adopted by the industry in the face of this challenge, the experience of international insurers, as well as suggesting possible solutions and examining their mechanics. The study also investigates the impact of the Constitution and the Fundamental Rights on the suggested solutions. It recommends a particular solution as a workable model within a social policy perspective. It concludes with a request that all stakeholders participate in this solution for and to the benefit of everyone, as AIDS is not the problem of medical practitioners, or attorneys, or the insurance industry, but a societal problem.

'Die 'Familienversicherung' nach Paragr. 10 SGB V ist ein zentrales Element des solidarischen Ausgleichs der Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung (GKV). Sie beinhaltet sowohl die beitragsfreie Mitversicherung von Kindern als auch die von bestimmten Ehegatten. In diesem Beitrag wird nur die Mitversicherung von Ehegatten behandelt. Nach einer Beschreibung der Ausgangslage und verschiedener Reformvorschläge werden Bewertungskriterien erarbeitet und zur Beurteilung der derzeitigen Lage herangezogen. Dabei zeigt sich, dass an der Ausgestaltung der Ehegattenmitversicherung in mehrfacher Hinsicht Kritik zu üben ist: Ehepaare werden hinsichtlich einer horizontalen und vertikalen Gerechtigkeit ungleich behandelt, der für eine Beitragsbefreiung von Ehepartner von Mitgliedern verwendete Einkommensbegriff bezieht sich nicht auf die Einkommenssituation der ehelichen Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft und korrespondiert zudem nicht mit der Bemessungsgrundlage für eine mögliche freiwillige Mitgliedschaft in der GKV. Auch in Verbindung mit der fiskalischen Dimension der Familienversicherung für Ehepartner - ca. 9 Mrd. Euro an Leistungsausgaben im Jahr 2000 - ist eine Reformierung daher angezeigt. Aus der Zusammenstellung der verschiedenen Reformvorschläge zur beitragsfreien Versicherung von Ehepartnern wurden vier Optionen an Hand ökonomischer und verfassungsrechtlicher Kriterien beurteilt und mit Hilfe des Sozio-Oekonomischen Panels auch empirisch untersucht. Nur eine fünfte und partiell selber entwickelte Reformoption - ein GKV-Ehegattensplitting - genügt allen Bewertungskriterien und kann GKV-versicherte Ehepaare hinsichtlich ihrer beitragsrelevanten Einnahmen horizontal und vertikal gleich behandeln und gleichzeitig das Nicht-Diskriminierungsverbot von Ehepaaren gegenüber zwei Unverheirateten einhalten.' [Autorenreferat]

Adaptation to climate change is a vital response to enhance the resilience of these smallholder agricultural livelihoods, more so because of their adverse effect on the food security of the nation. Lack of education and technical skills, poverty, and risks inherent to agricultural investments as well as little access to financial capital are the main reasons for low investments in adaptive capacity enhancements. In response to this long felt need, the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) and national partners in agribusiness, with support from the CGIAR Research Programs on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), and Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE) organized a scaling agricultural insurance workshop to discuss and further strengthen bundled insurance solutions. Seed, insurance and agrochemical companies in the private sector, as well as weather service providers, participated in the workshop which aimed to promote better resilience among marginal farmers through innovative risk transfer solutions using advanced satellite technology, crop models and IoT tools. The holistic approach to managing floods and drought allows the development of comprehensive risk mitigation plans and rapidly disseminates information that enables water resources and disaster managers, communities and farmers to better manage risks related to climate variability and their impact on agriculture and food security. Present workshop report highlights the key takeaways of the workshop held on 19th May 2021. This workshop was organised with the vision of strengthening the initiative of bundling agricultural insurance and seek to establish strong cooperation among different stakeholders that include the government, private sector, nongovernmental organizations and academic institutions. Key policy makers, implementers, private sector entities (seed companies and the insurance industry) and development partners involved in bundling solutions were among the participants.

"This volume, a special issue of the journal Climate Policy, explores the role that insurance-based mechanisms can play in helping developing countries to prepare for climate change. It offers a unique and comprehensive perspective on the potential role of insurance solutions in global adaptation to climate change and attempts to engender debate on the role of insurance in reducing global emissions and encouraging climate-friendly corporate behaviour."--Jacket

Mestrado em Finanças ; All over the world, evidence suggests that individuals tend to undervalue their assets. This subject seems to be particularly dramatic in the case of home insurance line of business because of its social and economical relevance. Consumers' behaviour is guided by some core principles and variables which mixed with environmental characteristics can lead in many cases to some sort of underinsurance. This work presents a framework in order to understand why individuals take insurance decisions and why they frequently underinsure their assets, by presenting the most significant causes that can help us to identify the true origin of the problem. Moreover, analysis of its consequences allows understanding of impact over economical agents, namely insurers and policyholders. Even though this issue could be also analyzed under a social perspective, involving the role of government's authorities, discussion is centered in interactions between the two sides of an insurance contract. Finally, we propose a set of solutions that may be designed in order to minimize likelihood of underinsurance. ; Existem dados que indicam que, de forma global, há uma tendência natural dos indivíduos para subavaliarem os seus activos, sendo que este assunto parece ser particularmente dramático no caso do seguro de habitação devido à sua relevância social e económica. O comportamento dos consumidores é guiado por algumas variáveis e princípios-chave que, em conjunto com as características do meio envolvente, levam em muitos casos a situações de infra-seguro ou subseguro. Este trabalho apresenta uma sistematização do problema para que se compreenda a forma como os indivíduos tomam as suas decisões no contexto dos seguros e o porquê de colocarem frequentemente os seus activos em situações de infra-seguro. Nesse sentido, apresentar-se-ão igualmente as causas mais importantes que nos ajudam a identificar a verdadeira origem do problema. Para além disso, a análise das suas consequências permite compreender o impacto nos agentes económicos, nomeadamente nos seguradores e nos tomadores de seguro. Ainda que este assunto possa ser analisado sob uma perspectiva social, envolvendo o papel das autoridades governamentais, a discussão é centrada nas interacções entre as duas partes do contrato de seguro. Finalmente, propomos um conjunto de soluções que podem ser desenhadas de forma a reduzir a possibilidade de ocorrência de infra-seguro.

Regulatory chill, a key tension between international investment agreements (IIAs) and democratic governance, could be dealt with by creating liability insurance for governments. Existing government insurance programs provide helpful guidelines for an investment arbitration liability insurance that could protect governments' policy space while maintaining the protection IIAs provide to investors.