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This deliverable describes the ACTION impact assessment methodology, the co-design process followed for its development and how it will be applied to CS projects and to ACTION overall. The ACTION impact assessment methodology considers scientific, social, economic and political impacts; it links CS impacts to EU Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and considers also the potential contributions to MORRI indicators. Its aim is to support the ACTION consortium, but also CS managers and researchers working on the benefits of CS, by providing a multi-dimensional, flexible and adaptable framework to be used in their work. This framework is under usage at the time of writing as an internal tool for assessing ACTION's pilots and will be regularly improved and updated in the next months of the project by taking on board feedback coming from its application. It is complementary with D6.2 which offers data gathering instruments to be used in the actual application of the methodology here described (accessible here: https://zenodo.org/record/3968460#.XyQRCB1S-u5 DOI 10.5281/zenodo.3968459). .

(WHIASU) A basic guide to conducting a HIA. 1. Health impact assessment is a tool that can help organisations to assess the possible consequences of their decisions on people۪s health and well-being, thereby helping to develop more integrated policies and programmes. 2. This document has been developed as a practical guide to health impact assessment. It is designed to meet the needs of a variety of organisations by explaining the concept, the process and its flexibility, and by providing templates that can be adjusted to suit. 3. The Welsh Assembly Government is committed to developing the use of health impact assessment in Wales as a part of its strategy to improve health and wellbeing and to reduce health inequalities. This practical guide has been prepared by the Welsh Health Impact Assessment Support Unit, which was established by the Welsh Assembly Government to encourage and support organisations and groups in Wales to use the approach. 4. The development and use of health impact assessment will contribute to the ongoing development and implementation of local health, social care and wellbeing strategies, which is a joint statutory responsibility for Local Health Boards and local authorities. It can also contribute to Community Strategies which, given their overarching nature and breadth and depth, can address social, economic and environmental determinants of health, and to the implementation of Communities First, the Welsh Assembly Government۪s crosscutting regeneration programme. 5. The development of Health Challenge Wales as the national focus for improving health in Wales reinforces efforts to prevent ill health. Tools such as health impact assessment can help organisations and groups in all sectors to identify ways in which they can help people to improve their health.

Umweltprüfungen - sowohl auf der Ebene konkreter Vorhaben (Umweltverträglichkeitsprüfung) sowie der Ebene der Pläne und Programme (Strategische Umweltprüfung) als auch auf der Ebene der Bauleitplanung - eignen sich als formale Zulassungs- und Planungsverfahren hervorragend zur Integration und Berücksichtigung von Gesundheitsbelangen. Der Schutz der menschlichen Gesundheit und die Bewertung von gesundheitsbezogenen Auswirkungen im Hinblick auf eine wirksame Umweltvorsorge, womit auch die besonders empfindlich reagierenden vulnerablen Bevölkerungsgruppen angesprochen werden, ist im UVP-Gesetz und den betroffenen Fachgesetzen schon seit längerem festgeschrieben. Gleichwohl mangelt es in der Praxis der Umweltprüfungen häufig an einer hinreichenden inhaltlichen Auseinandersetzung und methodisch adäquaten Bearbeitung in der Ermittlung und Bewertung von umweltbedingten Gesundheitseffekten. Vielmehr dominieren in Umweltverträglichkeitsstudien und Umweltberichten die Anwendung von Trivialindikatoren oder die Reduktion auf die Überprüfung, ob die rechtsverbindlichen medialen Grenz- und Orientierungswerte mit Gesundheitsbezug eingehalten werden. Sie bilden in der Regel die Erheblichkeitsschwelle, unterhalb derer Auswirkungen auf Mensch und Umwelt nicht mehr entscheidungsrelevant sind. Hinzu kommt eine ungenügende Einbindung der Gesundheitsämter und -behörden in die entsprechenden Verwaltungsverfahren. Trotz grundsätzlicher Eignung der Umweltprüfungen ist jedoch offensichtlich, dass diese an ihre Grenzen stoßen, wenn z.B. aktuelle umweltbedingte Gesundheitsrisiken in städtischen Ballungsgebieten betrachtet werden. Einerseits sind die formalen Instrumente der Umweltprüfungen inhaltlich-methodisch - auch unter Einbeziehung sozialräumlicher Kriterien - und verfahrensbezogen besser auszugestalten. Wichtig sind diesbezüglich beispielsweise untergesetzliche Regelwerke oder Merkblätter, die zu einer besseren, guten fachlichen Praxis führen können, wie sie die Leitlinien Schutzgut Menschliche Gesundheit darstellen. Andererseits sind jedoch auch informelle Instrumente, wie sie in diesem Sammelband in vielfältiger Weise dargestellt werden, stärker zu nutzen, die die Stadtplanung und -entwicklung durch partizipative Elemente, methodisch-planerische Tools oder durch Änderungen im Verwaltungshandeln positiv im Hinblick auf die Umsetzung gesundheitsfördernder Strukturen und Aktivitäten beeinflussen. Eine Herausforderung stellt hierbei die Verschränkung und Integration beider Ansatzpunkte in ein Gesamtkonzept dar.

An outgrowth of the recognition that the varieties of impact assessment have much in common and that the common elements are a sound basis for an intellectual framework, this book incorporates contributions from leading practitioners of technology, environmental, and social impact assessment. The authors describe integrated impact assessment.

SIA developed alongside EIA in the early 1970s as a mechanism to consider the social impacts of planned interventions. The early understanding tended to limit the practical application of SIA to the project level, usually within the context of regulatory frameworks, and primarily considered only the direct negative impacts. However, like other types of impact assessment, SIA has evolved over time and has diverged considerably from EIA. Nowadays, SIA has widened its scope to become a "philosophy about development and democracy". Ideally SIA considers the pathologies, goals, and processes of development. In this broad understanding, it now focusses on the management of all social issues, intending to bring about a more sustainable and equitable biophysical and human environment. The SIA field conceives of "social" very broadly, basically meaning "anything that affects people and their communities". Thus, for example, all environmental impacts are also social impacts because people depend on the environment for their livelihoods as well as their physical and spiritual well-being. Social impact concepts include people's way of life, their culture, community, political systems, environment, health and well-being, personal and property rights, and their fears and aspirations. Formerly seen as a regulatory tool required by regulatory agencies but resented by proponents, SIA, for a variety of reasons, is now increasingly being embraced by corporations and used as an internal process for managing social issues. Such a shift towards corporate acceptance, of course, does not guarantee that SIA will always be done properly, or is able to adequately influence company operations. Several other shifts have been observed: greater consideration of benefits; moving towards developing and implementing Social Impact Management Plans; communities themselves actively commissioning, or doing, their own SIA studies; SIA playing an important part in ensuring "free, prior and informed consent" and gaining a "social licence to operate". Health issues have a central place in SIA. Many of the social impacts of projects could also be described as health impacts, and all health impacts would be regarded as social impacts in SIA. In SIA, health impacts are considered amongst a wide range of impacts on people and communities. SIA practitioners are supposed to look from an integrated perspective. Arguably, this means that the determinants of health should be addressed when SIA is carried out properly. Nevertheless, SIA guidelines do not typically require a detailed analysis of the origins of, or pathways to, specific health conditions. There is, however, a strong awareness of indirect effects and cumulative effects. In actual SIA practice, the approach used highly depends on the type of policy, plan or project being considered, as well as on the legal and cultural context, on client requirements, and on the commitment of the individual practitioner or consultancy. The SIA case studies considered in this chapter usually discussed the broader determinants of health but did not necessarily recognize them as such. The pathways from social impacts to health, and the linkages between health and social impacts, were not explicitly part of the analysis. Overall, the input of health expertise into SIAs seemed to be lacking. However, given the close connections between the HIA and SIA approaches, more cooperation and cross-fertilization between these two types of impact assessment can be expected in the future.

This book presents a comprehensive debate and analysis of existing Territorial Impact Assessment (TIA) methodologies, designed under the auspices of the ESPON programme since the mid-2000s. This is intended to serve as a TIA handbook for the reader, to better understand the main differences, advantages and shortcomings of each presented TIA methodology. It also serves as a manual for professors and students in the field of policy evaluation, and territorial analysis, as it presents concrete examples of the implementation of each TIA methodology, their formulas and intrinsic evaluation elements. The purpose of policy evaluation methodologies is to check the main effects of private and public investments, in order to report back to policymakers and citizens on their efficiency and effectiveness. Over the past decades, both in Europe and worldwide, there has been an increasingly awareness of the need to implement/reinforce policy evaluation practices, at all territorial levels. At the same time, it has become widely accepted that many policy interventions produce impacts in more than one dimensions of territorial development. In this context, the use of a holistic and territorial approach for policy impact assessment evaluation has rapidly been adopted by the European Commission as a mainstream policy evaluation procedure.

Chapter 1 Introduction - Editor -- PART I Territorial Impact Assessment (TIA): mainstream methodologies -- Chapter 2 TARGET_TIA -- Chapter 3 TEQUILA model -- Chapter 4 STeMA -- Chapter 5 ESPON EATIA: A qualitative approach to Territorial Impact Assessment -- PART II Territorial Impact Assessment for cross-border cooperation programmes -- Chapter 6 Assessing the impact of legislation and implementation in border regions. Experiences with a bottom-up approach from the German, Dutch and Belgian border regions -- Chapter 8 Implementing TIAs for Cross-Border Cooperation -- PART III - Territorial Impact Assessment: alternative models and complementary approaches -- Chapter 9 From Territorial Impact Assessment to Territorial Foresight -- Chapter 10 The LUISA Territorial Modelling Platform and Urban Data Platform. An EU experience -- Chapter 11 Applying counterfactual impact evaluation approaches to test territorial effects of Policies' -- Chapter 12 Territorial Impact Assessment applied to Regional Smart Specialisation Strategies. Contributions to a more integrated and multidimensional approach.

Intro -- Foreword -- Contents -- Editor and Contributors -- Editor -- Contributors -- 1: Introduction: A Handbook on Territorial Impact Assessment (TIA) -- 1.1 Why this Book? -- 1.2 The Genesis of TIA Methodologies and an Introduction to the Chapters -- 1.3 The Need for TIA Methodologies -- References -- Part I: Territorial Impact Assessment (TIA): Mainstream Methodologies -- 2: TARGET_TIA: A Complete, Flexible and Sound Territorial Impact Assessment Tool -- 2.1 Historical Background, Main Goals and Application -- 2.2 The Methodology in a Nutshell: Elements and Formula -- 2.2.1 Qualitative and Quantitative Data Sources -- 2.3 Concrete Example of Its Application on a Project/Programme/Policy -- 2.4 Main Results, Strengths and Weaknesses, and Future Prospects -- References -- 3: The Pioneering Quantitative Model for TIA: TEQUILA -- 3.1 Historical Background, Main Goals and Applications -- 3.1.1 Initial Institutional Definition and the Main Goals of TIA -- 3.1.2 A More Precise Theoretical and Operational Definition of TIA -- 3.2 The Methodology in a Nutshell: Elements and Formula -- 3.2.1 The Mandate -- 3.2.2 The Pioneering Model: TEQUILA -- 3.2.3 The Prototype Implementation -- 3.3 Subsequent Improvements and Applications -- 3.3.1 The TIP-TAP Project -- 3.3.2 The ARTS Project -- 3.4 Main Results, Strengths and Weaknesses, and Future Prospects -- References -- 4: STeMA: A Sustainable Territorial Economic/Environmental Management Approach -- 4.1 Historical Background, Main Goals and Application -- 4.2 The Analytical Process -- 4.3 Some Applications of STeMA -- 4.4 Main Results, Strengths and Weaknesses, and Future Applications -- References -- 5: The ESPON EATIA: A Qualitative Approach to Territorial Impact Assessment -- 5.1 A Historical Background, Main Goals and Application -- 5.2 The Methodology in a Nutshell.

This section regularly examines Regulatory Impact Assessment (IA) at three levels: the EU, the Member States and internationally. Contributions aim to cover aspects such as the interface between IA and risk analysis, looking at methodologies as well as legal and political science-related issues. Contributions are meant to report and critically assess recent developments in the field, develop strategic thinking, and make constructive recommendations for improving performance in IA processes.

Among the law teaching institutions in Western India, Institute of Law, Nirma University has assumed a prominent place in a relatively short period. The credit goes entirely to a dedicated team of enthusiastic teachers and the liberal support extended by the Board of Governors headed by Chairman, Dr. Karsanbhai Patel. Let me record my appreciation for the good work you are doing for quality education and wish you all success for your noble endeavor.It is thoughtful on the part of Institute of Law, Nirma University to have convened this Seminar on a topic crying for attention of scholars and researchers for a long time in this country. What impact the laws are making on the lives of the people particularly the marginalized sections for whose welfare the Constitution has provided special provisions? Article 38 of the Indian Constitution mandates the State to secure a social order for the promotion of welfare of the people and in particular, strive to minimize the inequalities in income, eliminate inequalities in status, facilities and opportunities, not only amongst individuals but also amongst groups of people residing in different areas or engaged in different vocations. Article 39 further stipulates the State to secure adequate means of livelihood for all citizens, equal pay for equal work for both men and women, protection of the strength and health of workers, tender age of children from not being abused, dignity of childhood and youth etc. Though the Constitution does not show preference to any particular model of economic development and left it to the Government to decide, it does direct the State to see that "(a) the ownership and control of the material resources of the community are so distributed as best to sub serve the common good, and (b) that the operation of the economic system does not result in the concentration of wealth and means of production to the common detriment". This is the socialist philosophy of the Constitution and the social justice agenda set for the Parliament and State Assemblies. Article 37 explicitly states that though the Directives are not directly enforceable through courts, yet they are fundamental in the governance of the country and it shall be the duty of the State to apply these principles in making laws.