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AbstractThis article explores HIV-specific laws in Central America: why they exist, where their terms come from, what choices have been made, and what the laws do. Part I outlines the influential work and standards of the U.N. and USAID. Part II presents contours of debate over AIDS law and policy in the United States. Part III reports on the HIV epidemics in Central America. Part IV compares the Central American laws, applying some of the lessons and theories presented in earlier Parts. The article concludes that HIV laws in the region do not function to provide the basis for claims of individual rights or impositions of responsibilities, the way U.S. laws often have. Rather, the Central American laws represent national aspirations toward a reasonable response to the epidemics. Central American aspirations toward safeguarding individual rights, while tracking heightening international standards, nonetheless are profoundly challenged as the epidemic is measured and expands: the law in Nicaragua, with its very low measured incidence of HIV infection, is very "rights" oriented, while the law in Honduras, where HIV incidence is relatively high, is very "duties" oriented.

"Constitutional Democracy in Indonesia" discusses the ongoing debates over the meaning, implementation, and practice of constitutional democracy in Indonesia. Current legal issues are analysed in light of social, political, and economic reforms since the constitution's entering into force.

What does it mean to say that the European Union has a constitution—theoretically, but more importantly, practically? What sort of possibilities such assertion opens for various actors—politicians, legal professionals, or the general public? And what is the role of constitutional thinkers in establishing constitutional discourse as the dominant way in which European law is (or was) conceived after 1989? This volume seeks to answer such questions, with a special emphasis on the last one. 'European Constitutional Imaginaries' are the central focus of the book. These are sets of ideas and beliefs that help to motivate and at the same time justify the practice of government and collective self-rule established by the constitution (written or unwritten). Such imaginaries are as important as institutions and office-holders. They provide political action with an overarching sense and purpose recognized by those governed as legitimate. The book brings together reflections by lawyers, philosophers, sociologists, or political economists, who shed light on various constitutional imaginaries of Europe. They provide critical intellectual histories of particular legal approaches to European integration, and look behind the language of law to reach deeper insights into the contested history and political economy of Europe. They ask us to think about European law differently.

"The fourth volume of the Max Planck Handbooks in European Public Law series compares European constitutional jurisdiction in the perspective of the European legal space. It examines the structures of the organization, the appointment of judges, the procedures and the methods of argumentation and interpretation, their impact on state and society, their legitimacy or their role in the division of powers, and thus completes the picture following the country reports in Volume III. This comparative perspective is supplemented by an examination that illustrates the relationship to the ECJ, the ECtHR and the Venice Commission as well as their (constitutional) function. Finally, the volume is devoted to the challenges currently facing constitutional jurisdiction in the European Legal Space. The historical, political, and theoretical foundations as well as the basic doctrinal features of constitutional jurisdiction are presented in such a way that the discussion about its role and further development in this legal space is sustainably stimulated"--

Spanning from the 14th century to the present day, 'The Legal Concept of Work' explores how the role of law and legal concepts, comes to consider some forms of human labour as work, and some forms of human labour as non-work, and why perceptions of these activities change over time.

'The Rights of Indians and Tribes' explains Federal Indian Law in a conversational manner, yet is highly authoritative, containing over 2000 footnotes with citations to relevant court decisions, statutes, and agency regulations. It is user-friendly and particularly helpful for tribal advocates, students, government officials, lawyers, and members of the general public. The book uses a question-and-answer format and covers every important subject impacting Indians and tribes today and discusses which governments - tribal, state, and federal - have authority on Indian reservations.