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All over Europe Metropolitan Regions are the centres of economic, political and cultural life. They are places for the mobilisation, concentration and canalisation of creativity. This creative energy results in technical and cultural innovations, new businesses and services, as well as in the change of societal values and standards. For that reason Metropolitan Regions gain increasing importance as locomotives for an economically successful development of Europe - for the European Union and its member states as well as for the further states of the Council of Europe. A key factor for the success of a Metropolitan Region is Good Metroolitan Governance. This report describes its main characteristics and gives recommendations on how to foster Good Governance in the Council of Europe's Metropolitan Regions.

In recent years the two-tier model of metropolitan government has declined in importance as metropolitan authorities have been circumscribed, weakened, or abolished. At the same time, however, new urban patterns and changing political and economic circumstances are creating needs that point to the continued validity of the two-tier model. In particular, economic pressures resulting from global competition, and societal pressures associated with the need for sustainable development, are providing a basis for new responsibilities and new expectations with regard to metropolitan governance, and there continues to be a case for two scales of response. A major point of difference from the past is that the metropolitan scale is now much larger in spatial terms, and as a result it is useful to consider the upper tier in terms of regional or mesolevel government, and the concept of city-region, adapted to present-day circumstances, may provide a useful framework for future development. Recent proposals for Toronto are illustrative of the changing needs with regard to metropolitan government.

AbstractLarge cities are now the centers of wide metropolitan regions suffering from lack of a common government for their common needs. Outright annexation of suburban territory cannot be accomplished except by arbitrary action by the state legislature. A municipal government for the whole area organized on the borough plan promises to be the best solution.

AbstractIncreasingly, metropolitan communities are recognizing the importance and potential of multi‐jurisdictional, participatory planning. The experiences of the Atlanta and Oklahoma City regions dramatize the value of broad inclusion and partnering across sectors. Diverse participation also aids in mobilizing the resources and institutions needed for implementation.