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CHAPTER 1. Enslaved Africans as eunuchs in Africa and Europe -- CHAPTER 2. Eunuchs and the Byzantine world -- CHAPTER 3. Eunuchs and the Muslim slave trade -- CHAPTER 4. Slavery and the Ottomans -- CHAPTER 5. Black eunuchs of the Ottoman Empire -- CHAPTER 6. The power of the Chief Black Eunuchs -- CHAPTER 7. Religious responsibilities of the Kizlar Agă -- CHAPTER 8. Personal descriptions of the Chief Black Eunuchs -- CHAPTER 9. Personal lives of the Chief Black Eunuchs

"This book explores the history of natural disasters in the Ottoman Empire and the responses to them on the state, communal, and individual levels. Yaron Ayalon argues that religious boundaries between Muslims and non-Muslims were far less significant in Ottoman society than commonly believed. Furthermore, the emphasis on Islamic principles and the presence of Islamic symbols in the public domain were measures the state took to enhance its reputation and political capital - occasional discrimination of non-Muslims was only a by-product of these measures. This study sheds new light on flight and behavioral patterns in response to impending disasters by combining historical evidence with studies in social psychology and sociology. Employing an approach that mixes environmental and social history with the psychology of disasters, this work asserts that the handling of such disasters was crucial to both the rise and the fall of the Ottoman Empire"--

Intro -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Diagrams and Maps -- Tables -- Contributors -- Chapter 1 An Overview of Economic Life in Ottoman Anatolia -- Chapter 2 Agricultural Production in Central Anatolia in the Classical Ottoman Period: an Investigation into the Sancaks of Aksaray, Ankara, Bozok and Çankırı -- Chapter 3 The Economic Geography of Ottoman Anatolia: People, Places, and Political Economy around 1530 -- Chapter 4 Turkish-Genoese Trade in Northern Anatolia c. 1300-1461 -- Chapter 5 Production and Trade of Cotton in Ottoman Western Anatolia c. 1700-1914 -- Chapter 6 Working, Marketing and Consuming Ottoman Copper - with a Special Emphasis on Female Involvement -- Chapter 7 The Cihanbeyli and the Sheep Trade: from Provisionism and Semi-Nomadism to Liberal Economy and Sedentarisation -- Chapter 8 The Draw of the Lottery: Piyango, Profit and Politics in Early Twentieth-Century İzmir -- Chapter 9 The Fabric of Nizam: Uncertainty and the Activation of Economic Norms in Nineteenth-Century Provincial Contexts -- Bibliography -- Index.

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Table of Contents -- Body -- Abstract -- Acknowledgements -- Map -- Introduction -- Russia's Southern Expansion in the Caucasus until 1878 -- The Treaty of Berlin (13th July, 1878) -- The Treaty of Berlin and the Armenians -- The Hamidian Regime, Islamism and Reform Process -- The Committee of Union and Progress and Reform Process -- The Relevance of the Armenian Reform Issue -- Theoretical Framework -- The Analysis of Strangeness and the Conceptual Insights of the Imperial Borderland Literature -- Dealing with ˋStrangeness' and the Issue of Imperial Citizenship -- Chapter Overview -- Chapter I. State Sovereignty and the Formation of the Russo-Ottoman Border -- Delimiting and Demarcating the Russo-Ottoman border -- The meetings in Erzurum and Oltu in 1889 -- A border village: The Case of Nariman -- Mapping the limits of imperial sovereignties on the Russo-Ottoman border -- The meeting of the Russo-Ottoman border commission in 1912: Lost Maps and Unclear Borders -- Conclusion -- Chapter II. The Ottoman Management of Muslim Mobility across the Russo-Ottoman Border: An Example of Tolerance -- Monitoring the Movement of People on the Russo-Ottoman Borderland -- Ambivalent Muslim Loyalties on the Russo-Ottoman Border -- The Management of Ambivalence on the Russo-Ottoman Border -- The Welcoming Policy of the Ottoman State towards Muslim Population Movements -- Tolerance towards Kurdish Tribes -- Discursive Tools of Struggle against Ambivalences: Erbab-ı Namus and Eshab-ı Su-i-Niyet -- Conclusion -- Chapter III. Overlapping Citizenships on the Russo-Ottoman Border -- The Emergence of the Modern Concept of Citizenship in the Russian and Ottoman Empires -- The Normative Ground and Belonging -- Dual Citizenship as Survival -- Survival Strategies on the Russo-Ottoman Border.