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It is claimed that the psychological study of Africa has historically served the colonial drives of Europe & the US, & has militated against the interests of African natives; even the present-day research carried out by Africans trained in European or US educational systems perpetuates the subjugation of Africans in some respects. A review of research rationales shows that implicitly or explicitly, scholars are less concerned with the psychological health of Africans than they are with their own contribution to their own knowledge specialties or with improving the chances for "self-knowledge" among Europeans &/or Americans. The character of psychological testing carried out by the US Agency for International Development in the early 1960s is described, suggesting that research findings became data for use in the economic & political manipulation of Africans. Recommendations for psychological research that serves the social needs of Africans are offered. 50 References. D. Dunseath.

Intro -- ADVANCES IN PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON HEALTH BEHAVIOR -- Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1: INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCE IN TRAIT RUMINATION AND HEALTH -- ABSTRACT -- RUMINATION: A COMPLEX AND MULTIFACETED PROCESS -- RUMINATION: THEORIES AND UNDERLYING MECHANISMS -- MEASURING RUMINATION -- RUMINATION AND EMOTION REGULATION -- RUMINATION AND MENTAL HEALTH -- BROODING, REFLECTION AND MENTAL HEALTH -- INTERVENTION PROGRAMS TO REDUCE RUMINATION -- FUTURE RESEARCH -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 2: EXPRESSIVE WRITING AND HEALTH -- ABSTRACT -- UNDERLYING PROCESSES OF EXPRESSIVE WRITING -- EXPRESSIVE WRITING AND EMOTION REGULATION -- EXPRESSIVE WRITING, HEALTH AND WELLBEING -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 3: HEALTH-RELATED BEHAVIOUR IN PATIENTS WITH HYPOCHONDRIASIS -- ABSTRACT -- 1. THE CLINICAL PICTURE OF HYPOCHONDRIASIS -- 2. THE COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOURAL APPROACH TO HYPOCHONDRIASIS -- 3. HEALTH-RELATED BEHAVIOUR IN PATIENTS WITH HYPOCHONDRIASIS -- 4. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS FOR THE HEALTH BEHAVIOUR OF PATIENTS WITH HYPOCHONDRIASIS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 4: EXPERIMENTAL, OBSERVATIONAL DESIGN AS AN IMPORTANT METHOD TO IDENTIFY THE UNDERLYING MECHANISMS OF THE IMPACT OF PEER INFLUENCE ON SMOKING -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 5: SCHEMA THERAPY: AN INNOVATIVE EMOTION-FOCUSED PSYCHOTHERAPY MODEL -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- REFERENCES -- INDEX.

The feminist biographical method is an in-depth interpretive methodology that is useful for research in the field of psychology. I believe that this qualitative method is an excellent tool for analyzing individual narratives of participants lives in relation to the larger cultural matrix of the society in which they live. Although an oral interview is often the primary strategy employed for data collection in this methodology, other sources of information such as personal journals, official documents, and cultural texts are also exciting additions to the research. The strengths of the feminist biographical method include the depth, context, and meaning found in the research; the inclusion of women's experiences and voices in academic research; and the ability to conduct a sociopolitical analysis of potentially marginalized people. In this article, I delve into the feminist biographical method by providing discussion and examples from research in the field, as well as from my own research. I provide the reader with a personal narrative on how-to conduct research using the feminist biographical method. In particular, I delineate the process of researching the lived experiences of women international students in difficult relationships. As a psychological researcher, I encourage others in the field of psychology to consider using the feminist biographical research to add context, depth, and richness to studies involving human participants.

Contents: Part 1. Introduction and historical overview – Norbert Schwarz, Seymour Sudman: Introduction (3-4); Howard Schuman: Context effects: state of the past/ state of the art (5-20). Part II. Question-order effects in surveys – Fritz Strack: "Order effects" in survey research: activation and information functions of preceding questions (23-34); Roger Tourangeau: Context effects on responses to attitude questions: attitudes as memory structures (35-48); Jack M. Feldman: Constructive processes as a source of context effects in survey research: explorations in self-generated validity (49-62); Barbara A. Bickart: Question-order effects and brand evaluations: the moderating role of consumer knowledge (63-80); Leonard L. Martin, Thomas F. Harlow: Basking and brooding: the motivating effects of filter questions in surveys (81-96); Dancker D.L. Daamen, Steven E. de Bie: Serial context effects in survey interviews (97-114); John Tarnai, Don A. Dillman: Questionnaire context as a source of response differences in mail and telephone surveys (115-130); Jaak B. Billiet, Lina Waterplas, Geert Loosveldt: Context effects as substantive data in social surveys (131-148); George F. Bishop: Qualitative analysis of question-order and context effects: the use of think-aloud responses (149-162); Tom W. Smith: Thoughts on the nature of context effects (163-184). Part III. Response-order effects in surveys - Norbert Schwarz, Hans J. Hippler, Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann: A cognitive model of response-order effects in survey measurement (187-202); Jon A. Krosnick: The impact of cognitive sophistication and attitude importance on response-order and question-order effects (203-218). Part IV. Order effects in psychological testing - Eric S. Knowles, Michelle C. Coker, Deborah A. Cook, Steven R. Diercks, Mary E. Irwin, Edward J. Lundeen, John W. Neville, Mark E. Sibicky: Order effects within personality measures (221-236); Gerald R. Salancik, Julianne F. Brand: Context influences on the meaning of work (237-248); Abigail T. Panter, Jeffrey S. Tanaka, Tracy R. Wellens: The psychometrics of order effects (249-264). Part V. Social judgment – Galen V. Bodenhausen: Information-processing functions of generic knowledge structures and their role in context effects in social judgment (267-278); Linda M. Maxey, Anthony J. Sanford: Context effects and the communicative functions of quantifiers: implications for their use in attitude research (279-296); Thomas M. Ostrom, Andrew L. Betz, John J. Skowronski: Cognitive representation of bipolar survey items (297-311). Part VI. Summary - Norman M. Bradburn: What have we learned? (315-323).