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Frontline workers play a crucial role in implementing activation policies. Nevertheless, research on what competencies are required for activation work is limited. We explored activation competency based on a survey of 1,735 frontline workers in the Norwegian labour and welfare administration. Factor analysis revealed two distinct underlying dimensions in activation competency: market competency and user‐oriented competency. We found that the social workers in the study viewed themselves as having significantly less market competency and slightly more user‐oriented competency than non‐social workers have, but the differences were small. The results also indicate that these effects are partially mediated by attitudes towards conditionality. The results give reason to treat activation competencies as twofold and raise the question of whether social work education improves frontline workers' competency in activation work compared with frontline workers with other educational backgrounds.

This blog is based on an article in the Journal of Social Policy by Suzan Mbatudde Skjold and Kjetil Grimastad Lundberg. Click here to access the article. As a response to persistent unemployment and marginalisation of persons with complex support needs, welfare states have intensified their policy initiatives towards people who are considered not in… Continue reading Accountability in Personalised Supported Activation Services →

The period from 1954 to 1964 is often referred to as the Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) era by the Air Force and Aerospace Industry. This decade covered the period of research, development, design, and test of ICBM's, their ground support equipment and the activation of strategically located bases with facilities, equipment and support services. During this period, the Atlas, Titan and Minuteman became operational. The management, organization, and responsibilities for the activation of a Titan II Operational Base (Davis-Monthan, Arizona) are herein described. Concurrency and specific examples of management actions in solving problems under field conditions to assure delivery of a complete Weapon System are explained.

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to assess the emergence of New Public Management in the governance of activation policies in nine European countries. In the light of considerable diversity in the implementation of New Public Management in the different countries, the article tries to identify common patterns.Design/methodology/approachFor the identification of patterns, fuzzy set theory is applied. Fuzzy sets are used to define ideal types and to measure the degree of membership in the different ideal types for every country.FindingsIt is possible to show that despite the substantial diversity of New Public Management approaches in the governance of activation policies, common patterns exist. The article identifies four ideal types of New Public Management within the nine countries involved in the analysis. At the same time it is shown that most countries do not represent pure models but unify different tendencies within one dominant type.Originality/valueThe identification of common patterns in the emergence of New Public Management in the governance of activation can provide a useful framework for discussion and further research on the implications of different forms of governance on the content and delivery of activation services in Europe.

Describes the paradigm shift taking place in the policies of 6 EU welfare states from "protection" to "participation," focusing on policies impacting the unemployed. Results of research conducted in Denmark, Spain, Belgium, Portugal, the UK, & the Netherlands are drawn on to investigate the degree to which participation in "activation programs" improves the situation of the unemployed. The inclusionary & exclusionary potentials of a specific type of activation program -- subsidized employment for the long-term unemployed -- are explored. The "residue" of unemployed persons for whom activation programs are ineffective is also analyzed & suggestions are offered for policy reform. 1 Table, 1 Schema. K. Hyatt Stewart

This article introduces the central topic of the thematic section of this issue: the governance of activation. It applies the concept of governance to new service provision models and considers why this is a relevant issue for social policy scholars. Then, it provides a brief discussion of several aspects of the new service provision models that are being introduced all over Europe, where income protection schemes and activation policies are concerned. Finally, it introduces the other articles in the thematic section.

Control activation time as a junction of control number, control density, activation sequence, control complexity, and link multiplicity was investigated. Although activation time was found to be significantly related to each factor, the number, density, and link multiplicity factors were considered to exert the greatest operational significance.

This article refers to the results of research that was conducted on the eve of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland, shortly before the first confirmed laboratory case was registered. The research was carried out with 240 people who dealt daily with youth, including NEETs activation, through work or volunteering in various types of institutions (public, NGO, and private). The results allowed us to back upthe hypothesis that people who deal with NEET youth support on a daily basis value traditional methods of professional activation more than digital methods. The analysis also answered the question of which demo-social variables among the respondents had an impact on their assessment of the methods used for professional activation. The variables that were found to significantly differentiate the respondents' assessments included gender, education, place of residence, the type of institution in which the respondents worked, and the age range of the respondents.

Voloshchuk V.R. MECHANISMS OF ACTIVATION OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENTPurpose. The aim of the article is determined on the basis of a systematic approach and generalization of theoretical and scientific-practical approaches of discovering conceptual bases of formation of mechanisms and determination of economic interpretation of the process and stages of innovative development for the transition from low- to high-tech innovation economy.Methodology of research. Historical, systemic and logical-dialectical approaches have been applied to achieve this goal; the following methods are used: abstract and logical – in setting the goals and objectives of the study; analytical and monographic – when studying literary sources, legislative or other normative legal acts and practices of mechanisms of innovative development; by means of the comparative method the differences in the mechanisms of realization of the state innovation policy of Ukraine and the countries with developed market economy are determined; systematization – at systematization of mechanisms of innovative development of enterprises; statistical and economic – when collecting and processing statistical data; analysis and synthesis – to develop directions for improving the innovative development of enterprises.Findings. Conceptual bases of formation of mechanisms of innovative development of the enterprises are revealed and theoretical and scientific-practical approaches to economic interpretation of the process of innovative development are determined. The essence of innovation development as a systematic management of innovation activity, aimed at shaping and ensuring achievement of economic growth through rational use, increasing and distribution of innovative and economic and technological potential at different stages, namely: in the process of creation and transfer of innovations, development of mass production and financial mechanisms and commercialization of development, legal protection and use of intellectual property objects and establishment of Ukrainian relations Certain innovators with partners, creating favorable conditions for retaining specialists.Originality. It is determined that one of the main tasks of innovative development is to increase the level of innovation activity, which to a certain extent depends on the structural elements of the national innovation ecosystem and stages of innovation development. The scientific and methodological approaches of formation of mechanisms of innovative development are improved, on the basis of consideration of functional connections, ensuring rational use of resources, obtaining synergistic effect of contractual relationships and aggregate investments.Practical value. Formed mechanisms to ensure the activation of innovative development as an orderly set of institutional settings include defining the goals, objectives, increasing the ability to solve problems and attracting investment to ensure the effectiveness of innovation, which allows economic entities to achieve strategic development goals, solve problems of ensuring effective interaction of the state science and business to innovate, and as a systematic process that implements a competitor no benefits, ensuring sustainable growth, improve the quality and standard of living by harmonizing the interests of its members.Key words: conceptual foundations; innovative development; mechanisms; enterprises; potential; stages; strategy; transfer; activation.

pt. I. Southern grounding of community : livelihood, healing, truth quest -- pt. II. Eastern emergence of community : permaculture, vitality of place, disclose new worlds -- pt. III. Northern communal navigation : participatory action research, study circles, networks -- pt. IV. Western communal effect : build community, self-sufficiency, mutual development.