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Cover -- CONTENTS -- DEVELOPMENTS -- POLICY CHANGES -- A. Fiscal Policy -- B. Monetary Policy -- C. Exchange Rate Policy -- D. Debt Management -- IMPACT ON THE MACROECONOMIC OUTLOOK -- IMPLICATIONS FOR THE STAND-BY ARRANGEMENT -- EXCEPTIONAL ACCESS CRITERIA -- STAFF APPRAISAL -- BOX -- 1. Monetary Aggregate Targeting During Stabilization Episodes -- FIGURES -- 1. Recent Market Developments -- 2. Real and External Sector -- 3. FX and Monetary Developments -- TABLES -- 1. Selected Economic and Financial Indicators -- 2. Summary Balance of Payments -- 3. Consolidated Public Sector Operations -- 4. Federal Government Operations -- 5a. Summary Operations of the Central Bank -- 5b. Summary Operations of the Banking Sector -- 5c. Summary Operations of the Central Bank (Monthly) -- 6. External Debt -- 7. Public Debt -- 8. Federal Government-Gross Financing Needs and Sources (USmn) -- 9. External-Gross Financing Needs and Sources (USmn) -- 10. Schedule of Reviews and Purchases -- 11a. Quantitative Performance Criteria, Indicative Targets, and Consultation Clauses - Outturns -- 11b. Quantitative Performance Criteria and Indicative Targets -- 12. Structural Program Conditionality -- 13. Indicators of Fund Credit, 2018-26 -- 14. External Debt Sustainability Framework, 2013-23 -- 15. External Debt Sustainability: Bound Tests -- ANNEX -- I. Public Debt Sustainability Analysis -- APPENDIX -- I. Letter of Intent -- Attachment I. Memorandum of Economic and Financial Policies -- Attachment II. Technical Memorandum of Understanding -- CONTENTS -- INTRODUCTION -- AUGMENTATION AND REPHASING OF THE STAND-BY ARRANGEMENT-RECENT DEVELOPMENTS, AND IMPACT ON FUND'S FINANCES -- A. Recent Developments -- B. Risks to the Fund -- C. Impact on the Fund's Liquidity Position and Risk Exposure -- ASSESSMENT -- FIGURES -- 1. Debt Ratios for Recent Exceptional Access Arrangements.

El presente artículo aborda la recepción de la filosofía de Hegel en la Argentina desde una perspectiva exploratoria. Para ello ofrece un estado de la cuestión en el que se determinan las fuentes y los insumos para un estudio de ese tipo, y se propone una periodización de dicha recepción que incluye los siguientes periodos: 1) del siglo XIX hasta la Reforma Universitaria, la época de la presencia indirecta de Hegel; 2) de 1918 hasta el Primer Congreso Nacional de Filosofía de 1949, el verdadero comienzo de la recepción de Hegel; 3) de 1949 hasta 1982/83, un periodo de disputa entre las interpretaciones existencialista, marxista, teológica y peronista de Hegel; y 4) de la restauración democrática hasta la actualidad, cuando se percibe una consolidación institucional de los Estudios Hegelianos en el país. Como primeras conclusiones se destaca el carácter federal de la recepción de la filosofía hegeliana y los dos momentos principales de la institucionalización de los Estudios Hegelianos en 1931 y en 1983. El primero, en el contexto de la reacción antipositivista y la reivindicación de la filosofía alemana, y el segundo, en el marco de la estabilización de la actividad académica por la transición democrática. ; This paper addresses the reception of Hegel's philosophy in Argentina from an exploratory point of view. For this, it offers a preliminary state of the art in which the sources and materials for a study of this type are determined, and a periodization of the reception is proposed that includes the following periods: 1) from the 19th century to the Argentine University Reform of 1918, the time of Hegel's indirect presence; 2) from 1918 to the First National Congress of Philosophy in 1949, the true beginning of the reception of Hegel; 3) from 1949 to 1982/83, a period of dispute between the existentialist, Marxist, theological and Peronist interpretations of Hegel; and 4) from the democratic restoration to the present, when an institutional consolidation of Hegelian Studies is perceived in the country. As first conclusions, the federal character of the reception of Hegel's philosophy and the two main moments of the institutionalization of Hegelian Studies in 1931 and 1983 stand out. The first one, in the context of the anti-positivist reaction and the vindication of German philosophy, and the second one, in the framework of the stabilization of academic activity due to the democratic transition.

Argentina does not have a general class action statute, but a 1994 constitutional reform allowed actions that defend collective interests and other third generation rights (e.g., the right to a healthy environment), granting standing to associations and to the Ombudsman. The Supreme Court restricted these actions to the protection of truly collective interests, thus rejecting them when they were brought to defend multiple homogeneous interests (e.g., small damages for many consumers). A recent amendment of the Consumer Protection Law allows the Ombudsman, as well as associations, to sue for damages caused to consumers and grants erga omnes effect to the judgment. Similar rules are included in federal and provincial laws that protect the environment.

In this book we continue Plataforma Democrática's efforts to contributetowards the debate on the paths of democracy in Latin America and worldwide,focusing on the use made of the new means of communication by politicalactivists and how these in turn influence the ways in which politics is conducted.Contemporary democracies face enormous challenges: weakenedpolitical parties, global processes that redefine the national State spossibilities for action, social inequality and distrust of politicians. All theseareas and others not mentioned , are colored and influenced by thenew communication media.This book contains 19 case studies taken from six South Americancountries, presenting a broad range of innovative experiences and theirimpacts on the ways in which civil society, political parties and governmentsare organized and act. The cases of cyberactivism analyzed indicate that noneof them represents a silver bullet an experience capable of resolvingthe multiple challenges faced in constructing higher quality, more robustdemocratic institutions. But they all indicate new possibilities and newchallenges for the development of virtuous relations between the traditionalforms of participation (both in civil society organizations and in politicalparties) and activism in the virtual space.We are at the beginning of a new era, and there is much to learn,to monitor and to analyze. Without ignoring the fact that every attempt atsynthesis is partial and temporary, we hope that this book may contribute to the debate on a subject crucial for the future of democracy. Lastly, we wouldlike to acknowledge the important contribution made by the participants inthe workshops in which the preliminary versions of the texts on the diversecountries studied were presented. ; Fil: Annunziata, Rocío. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina ; Fil: Arpini, Emilia Nora. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina ; Fil: Gold, Tomás. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina ; Fil: Zeifer, Paula Bárbara. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina