Suchergebnisse

Depuis une trentaine d'années, le Sahel est le théâtre d'une résurgence islamique, poussée notamment par des groupes salafistes et soufis. Certains acteurs religieux cherchent à islamiser la société par le bas, sans s'engager directement en politique. D'autres, en revanche, aspirent à prendre le pouvoir, soit en s'insérant dans le jeu démocratique, soit par les armes. Les États concernés et les intervenants extérieurs ne réagissent pas de manière uniforme face à cette dynamique religieuse.

La récente percée de mouvements djihadistes en Afrique de l'Ouest a surpris les observateurs. La propagation de cette idéologie, leur facilité de recrutement au sein des populations, de même que leur capacité à conquérir des territoires sont des phénomènes sans précédent. L'auteur analyse les facteurs et les processus qui contribuent à l'émergence de ces insurrections – processus, selon lui, à l'œuvre aux niveaux mondial, local et individuel. Dans le premier cas, une idéologie internationale du djihadisme s'est propagée, conceptualisée par des activistes musulmans et des théologiens tenant d'une interprétation particulière de l'islam. Au niveau local, l'appropriation de l'idéologie djihadiste par des « islamistes » et son utilisation au service d'un discours qui instrumentalise des revendications sociales et politiques sont un facteur clé. L'affaiblissement des capacités de l'État et les conflits locaux créent des conditions propices à l'émergence de ces mouvements d'insurrection. Au niveau individuel, le processus par lequel des Africains rejoignent des djihadistes relève de motivations idéologiques, stratégiques ou conjoncturelles, favorisées par la détérioration de leurs conditions de vie dans des régions en marge.

Yeni bir ülkeye göç; anavatanı terk etme, ev sahibi bir ülke bulup oraya taşınma ve orada yeni bir yaşam kurma konusunda çok sayıda pratik, ekonomik ve duygusal zorlukları içeren karmaşık ve zorlu bir süreçtir. Bu zorluklar, yeni ülkeye gelmeden önce veya geldikten sonra savaş, kıtlık, yoksulluk, hastalık, mülteci kampları, sığınma talep etme, ayrımcılık vb. uygulamalara maruz kalan göçmenler için özellikle zorlu süreçler olabilir. Küreselleşme, savaşlar ve iklim değişikliği nedeniyle göç arttıkça, yerli ve göçmen nüfus arasında daha fazla etkileşim veya daha fazla çatışma yaşanacaktır. Göçmenlerin göç ettikleri yerin normlarına uyumu olarak açıklanan kültürel bütünleşme; önyargıyı azaltır, ancak ortadan kaldırmaz. Bu makale, Erzincan'da yaşayan bireylerin Afgan göçmenlere yönelik tutum ve algılarını belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Örneklem seçiminde 400 kişi örneklem grubuna dahil edilerek anket uygulanmıştır. Anket yoluyla toplanan veriler SPSS.20 programında analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda Afgan göçmenlere yönelik sosyal dışlanma ve ayrımcılığa yönelik tutumun ön plana çıktığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Indonesia as a nation-state accommodates a lot of cultural diversity that grows in society. The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia has mandated a form of the regional government, which regulates and manages government affairs on its own according to the principles of autonomy and co-administration. This is directed at accelerating the realization of community welfare through improvement, service, empowerment, and community participation, as well as increasing regional competitiveness by taking into account the principles of democracy, equity, justice, privilege and specificity of a region in the system of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. The provisions in the constitution mandate the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia to be carried out with inter-regional arrangements that are not uniform between one another. In the relationship between the centre and the regions or the province and districts/cities, it is possible to have a special relationship pattern, such as the Papua province. Such arrangements are intended to ensure that the entire Indonesian nation is truly united with diversity within the framework of the Unitary State.Keywords: Regional Autonomy; Implementation of Papua's Special Autonomy; 1945 Constitution AbstrakIndonesia sebagai Negara Bangsa (nation state) mewadahi banyak keragaman budaya yang tumbuh di dalam masyarakat. Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, telah mengamanatkan suatu bentuk pemerintahan daerah, yang mengatur dan mengurus sendiri urusan pemerintahan menurut asas otonomi dan tugas pembantuan. Hal ini diarahkan untuk mempercepat terwujudnya kesejahteraan masyarakat melalui peningkatan, pelayanan, pemberdayaan, dan peran serta masyarakat, serta peningkatan daya saing daerah dengan memperhatikan prinsip demokrasi, pemerataan, keadilan, keistimewaan dan kekhususan suatu daerah dalam sistem Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Ketentuan-ketentuan dalam konstitusi tersebut, mengamanatkan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia diselenggarakan ...

Theatre plays a great role in understanding and analyzing history. The dramatization of the events taken place during a specific period of time enables the audience to make their own subjective interpretation of these events. Such dramatic portrayal offers a comprehensive vision of history offered by all categories of the society. Reading Margaret Thatcher's era through studying theatrical works helps us to understand well that period of history. In fact, enhancing the British economic system is the most prominent feature of Thatcher's era. One of the most controversial policies of Thatcher's economic programme was curbing the Mining Trade Unions' power. The Thatcherite economic system excluded many groups such as the ethnic minorities, women, unemployed and the low-paid to participate in decision-making. From here emerged the idea of unfairness, struggle, and the government's prejudice against specific categories in the society which inevitably led to the social imbalance in the British society of that time. Thatcher was concerned with supporting the operation of the market economy by freeing up the supply of Labour, by restricting the collective rights of workers in trade unions and by curbing their political power. All these measures led to the damage of trade unions as they were no longer an effective political power. To explore how the economic policy of curbing the trade unions' power affects the ordinary social life of the British society of the 80s, David Edgar's play That Summer (1987) is analyzed in the light of the new historicist literary theory. Such critical reading of the play shows to what extent this policy is a failure by depicting the misery and suffering of the miners and their families. The playwright chooses to be by the side of the miners expressing the amount of oppression and marginalization they were exposed to as a result of saying "No" to Thatcher's unfair measures.

This study aims to identify the benefits of mobile learning in the English Language from the perception of learners and teachers in the Departments of English within the Colleges of Education of three Sudanese Government Universities. It also aims to investigate the teachers' attitudes regarding using mobiles in English language learning. The case study was used and mixed methods were applied to collect both quantitative and qualitative data, a questionnaire was used to gain the participants responses. The questionnaire was conducted with 90 English language learners while nine staff members were interviewed. The Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) was used to analysis the acquired data. The results of the analysis revealed the following finding: 1) Regarding the benefit of using a mobile phone for learning English language, the results confirm strongly that using a mobile phone has several benefits for learners, among them it is very effective in learning English language, second it is an assistive tool for creativity, in addition to that it enables students to learn English inside and outside the classroom, furthermore, it will make students more productive to finish their lessons, achieve their assignment and join their colleagues in sharing knowledge and experience. 1) Concerning the teachers' perceptions regarding mobile learning adoption in their teaching process, the interviews revealed that, the teachers have positive attitudes towards mobile learning adoption. 2) The teachers explored that there are various barriers hinder the use of a mobile device in learning the English language, and these barriers affect negatively on the use of a mobile device as a learning tool. This study implication' is that the mobile is assistive tool for language learning and it needs to be considered in educational field particular the curriculum design and material development. Article visualizations: