Suchergebnisse

Ülkelerin maliye politikası hedeflerine ulaşabilmesi için önemli bir koşul rasyonel vergi sisteminin kurulmasıdır. Rasyonel vergi sistemi tesisinin incelenmesinde tarihsel mirası ve başlangıç koşullarının benzer olması nedeniyle geçiş ekonomileri önemli bir örneklemdir. Çalışmada, otuz bir geçiş ekonomisinde rasyonel vergi sisteminin uygulanabilirliğinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu tespitin yapılmasında 2000-2018 dönemine ait veriler kullanılarak eşit ağırlıklandırılmış rasyonel vergi sistemi endeksi geliştirilmiş ve endeks sonuçları geçiş ekonomilerinin mali, hukuki ve tarihsel dinamikleriyle birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgulara göre bu sistemi kurabilen ülkeler arasında ilk sırada Estonya, Kosova ve Slovenya yer alırken son sırada Özbekistan, Belarus ve Türkmenistan bulunmaktadır.

In this study; proximate composition and three trace elements level of Liza ramada which were caught from military seaport of Mersin Gulf were determined. The average protein, fat, moisture and ash contents of muscle tissue are 16.02-17.66, 0.25-0.47, 80.70-82.19, 1.25-1.28 %, respectively. In addition, the average trace metal concentrations in the muscle and liver tissues varied in the following ranges respectively: Cu, 1.25-1.65; Fe, 11.78-12.92; Zn, 21.72-27.30; Cu, 875-2066; Fe, 1491-1825; Zn, 161-198 μg/g dry weight. According to the age, muscle tissue protein levels showed a decrease, while fat levels increases. Also tissue moisture levels increase in some quantity according to the age. There were no statistical difference between the age groups according to the Cu, Fe and Zn levels of muscle tissue. This state can be explained by the muscle tissue being less active in trace element cycle. Element levels of the liver tissue demonstrated an increase according to the age. The Cu level in the liver was especially high. Variations in liver tissue element levels can be explained by the liver tissue being more active in trace element metabolism. ; Bu çalışmada; Mersin Körfezi'nin Askeri Liman alanından yakalanan, Liza ramada türü balıkların kimyasal kompozisyonu ve bazı eser element düzeyleri belirlenmiştir. Kas dokusu protein, yağ, nem ve kül düzeyi ortalamalarının, yüzde olarak sırasıyla, 16,02-17,66, 0,25-0,47, 80,70-82,19 ve 1,25-1,28 değerleri arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca kas ve karaciğer dokuları ortalama eser element düzeyi; sırasıyla, Cu, 1,25- 1,65; Fe, 11,78-12,92; Zn, 21,72-27,30; Cu, 875-2066; Fe, 1491-1825; Zn, 161-168 ?g/g değerleri arasında değişmektedir. Yaşa bağlı olarak kas dokusu ham protein düzeyi düşüş, ham yağ düzeyi ise artış göstermiştir. Yine yaşa bağlı olarak doku su düzeyi bir miktar artış göstermiştir. Kas dokusu Cu, Fe ve Zn düzeyi bakımından yaş grupları arasında istatistik fark bulunmamaktadır. Bu durum kas dokusunun eser element döngüsü bakımından daha az aktif olması ...

"This book addresses the urgent need to examine central bank policies in response to the global supply and demand shock brought on by the Covid-19 pandemic, asking whether central banks are doing enough to address inequalities and concerns around climate change and emerging technologies. Adopting an interdisciplinary, critical perspective, the contributors to this volume provide novel theoretical, methodological, and empirical insights on central banks around the world, including in advanced, emerging and developing economies. The chapters in this book explore the evolution of central bank mandates, the policy tools central banks are utilizing, why and how monetary policy takes different shapes (including unconventional monetary policy), the key dynamics influencing central bank policies, how central banks are adapting to the new realities and addressing emerging challenges, and how monetary policy is perceived in the wider economic policy framework. With novel theoretical approaches and diverse empirical evidence from a variety of countries, this book will appeal to readers interested in central banking, monetary policy, the economics of the pandemic and political economy"--

"Diversity: A Key Idea for Business and Society introduces an idea that proliferates business and society, having been incorporated into mainstream theory and practice. Beyond this multidisciplinary setting, how diversity is defined, framed, managed, and regulated is also exposed to considerable social, economic, political and ideological interpretation and manipulation. This volume explores definitions of diversity, its various manifestations, and interdisciplinary influences that shape how diversity is researched. The text turns to workforce diversity as a particular case of diversity and explores antecedents, correlates, and consequences of workforce diversity. The author considers power, inequality, and intersectionality to illuminate the subject from the key manifestations, including class, gender, ethnicity, sexuality, and disability. With insights from an array of fields from economics, through management to biology, the author also highlights the various cases against diversity alongside analysis of how to navigate the diversity jungle in practice. This concise, authoritative book will be essential reading for students, researchers and reflective practitioners interested in workforce diversity as well as unique supplementary reading across the social sciences"--

Der Islam in Deutschland unterliegt einer diskursiven Dynamik, die muslimisches Leben immer wieder als problematischen Gegenspieler westlicher Kultur und Zivilisation entwirft. Die Politik ist davon nicht ausgenommen: Bedrohungsszenarien, Kulturängste und Ausgrenzungen sind sowohl in Parteien als auch bei Bundestagsabgeordneten zu finden. Imad Mustafa spürt anhand von Parteiprogrammen und Debatten auf Bundes- und Landesebene seit 2015 der Konstruktion dichotomer Differenzordnungen nach. Damit stellt er nicht nur die dominierenden Deutungsmuster im Parteiensystem hinsichtlich Islam und Muslim*innen heraus, sondern zeigt auch Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten zwischen den Parteien auf.