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Intet resumé

Existing studies of the consequences of paternal incarceration for children treat paternal incarceration as a dichotomous event (a child either experiences paternal incarceration or does not), although effects could accumulate with both the frequency and duration of paternal incarcerations. In this article I use register data on Danish children from birth cohort 1991, some of whom experienced paternal incarceration before age 15, to show how educational outcomes and criminality up to age 20 vary by frequency and total duration of paternal incarceration. The high quality of Danish register data also allows me to distinguish between paternal arrest and paternal incarceration and to show results for the total duration of paternal incarcerations conditioned on frequency of paternal incarceration. Results show that educational outcomes and criminality indeed correlate with duration and frequency of paternal incarceration, indicating that treating paternal incarceration as a dichotomous event blurs important heterogeneity in the consequences of paternal incarceration.

The use of the placebo and discussions on the power of the imagination in 19th century medicine will be investigated in this article. The 19th century is interesting since early discussions can be found on whether the power of the imagination and the mind's influence upon the body should be used in medicine or if it should be avoided. Placeboes could already from the 18th century be used both to help but also to deceive the patient. Use of placeboes could initiate discussions on the power of the imagination and discussions on the power of the imagination could initiate use of placeboes. There were attempts to "professionalize" the use of the power of the imagination, but many found it difficult to control and it was feared it could induce diseases. In the article examples will be given of discussions about the maternal imagination, the effect of mesmerism, Perkins' tractors, and homoeopathy. Perspectives from these discussions to modern discussions on the placebo effect and the mind's influence upon the body will be described.

Le terrorisme n'a frappé que deux fois au Danemark au cours des 30 dernières années : en 1985 et en 2015. D'autres attaques ont été déjouées, notamment contre les dessinateurs ayant publié des caricatures du prophète Mahomet dans le Jyllands-Posten . Pour faire face au terrorisme, le Danemark a été à l'avant-garde du développement de programmes de contre-radicalisation. Il n'est toutefois pas certain que ces programmes soient efficaces. Ils pourraient même être contre-productifs.

The global balance of power is changing, and the role of the US as the only superpower is being challenged by emerging new powers and a still more powerful China. Nowhere is this more apparent than in the Persian Gulf. Two wars in Afghanistan and Iraq and continually rising debt have meant that the position of the US has declined. At the same time, Asian states are increasing their economic expansion in the Persian Gulf. Increasing political influence, including a bigger role in hard security, is following the increasing economic role of Asia. These developments have been consolidated by the Arab Spring, where US support for reform and democracy in Egypt and North Africa has pushed the Arab Gulf states even more towards Asia and to a more wary attitude towards the US. This Working Paper argues that if we are fully to understand these developments we need to analyse the Persian Gulf as a regional security complex in its own right. The argument is developed empirically with reference to the case of Bahrain.

The global balance of power is changing, and the role of the US as the only superpower is being challenged by emerging new powers and a still more powerful China. Nowhere is this more apparent than in the Persian Gulf. Two wars in Afghanistan and Iraq and continually rising debt have meant that the position of the US has declined. At the same time, Asian states are increasing their economic expansion in the Persian Gulf. Increasing political influence, including a bigger role in hard security, is following the increasing economic role of Asia. These developments have been consolidated by the Arab Spring, where US support for reform and democracy in Egypt and North Africa has pushed the Arab Gulf states even more towards Asia and to a more wary attitude towards the US. This Working Paper argues that if we are fully to understand these developments we need to analyse the Persian Gulf as a regional security complex in its own right. The argument is developed empirically with reference to the case of Bahrain. ; Lars Erslev Andersen

Following the July 2005 London terrorist attacks the focus of anti-terrorism efforts has moved towards radicalisation within European societies and away from the conflicts in the Middle East and South Asia. This report argues that this shift in focus is based on a misconstrual of al-Qaida as it mistakes effect for cause. Based on an examination of the communication strategy of al-Qaida and the political rhetoric of Salafism the need for an analysis of militant Salafism in its political and societal context is demonstrated. The radicalisation theory is criticised and it is argued that the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, as well as the increased focus on efforts to counter radicalisation within European societies more or less have failed because al-Qaida has been able to exploit this strategy and reorganise itself around an operational centre in Pakistan. The report concludes that only politically viable solutions in South Asia and the Middle East can effectively suppress al-Qaida and militant Salafism.