Suchergebnisse

The study was conducted in order to assess the damages of forest resources due to mining activities. The method which use in this article is the nonnative legal research concerning with the legislation approach, the case study approach and the library approach. The result of this study indicated that be damage of forestry by mining activities threatens convenient ecosystem of Indonesia seriously. The study materials show obtained that the original forest area in Indonesia were 144 million hectares, but have been systematically shrinkaged that remained only 130 million hectares now, even though the 42 million hectares were completely without vegetation. Primary forest left only 43 million hectares from forest encroachment and as rate currently reaches 1.1 million hectares per year. The result study showed that according with the governor's report in 10 provincies throughout Indonesia the forest destructions are dominated by mining activities. The facts in the fields also showed that the mining locations clearly faced visiable forests of Indonesia destroyed by quarrying, waste disposal and mining operations support activities. The governmental policies to allow mining activities in protective and conservation forest will destruct of forest resources. To address the threat of forest destruction it is suggested that the Government shall revitalize the implementation of provisions with Act No. 41 of 1999, the Act No. 19 of 2004 and the Presidential Decree. No. 41 of 2004, the Cabinet Act 24 of 2010 and the Presidential Decree No. 28 of 2011 concerning with the preservation of forest resources are still maintained.

This Article aims to study the governmental policy for methods which participate the act No. 19 of 2004th concerning the perspective preservation of biodiversity. This Article represent the normative legal research that is concern with legislation approach (the statute approach), case study approach (the case approach), approach by factual (the fact approach), the approach of analytical legal concept (analytical conceptual approach), and the bibliography approach (the library approach) that is the collection of the reading materials related with this topic of problems. From the conclusion of this article, we can obtain the summary that act No. 19 of 2004th was the concretion of synchronized activity of the mining industry in the forest zone and threatens the preservation of biodiversity. To remove this threaten we must revitalize the methods which enact laws and regulations concerning with forestry, conservation of biodiversity, and ecosystem against the mining's operation. Especially against the conduct of 13 mining companies which are authorized by permissions of the mining industry for exploitation, the sanction agents the offender accurately must be imposed and must be accordance with the law or regulation in force for methods which guarantee the reservation of biodiversity.

This paper is carried out in order to study and evaluate the existing of governmental policies and the strategies of Indonesian government for conservation of forest and protective areas and it is also to formulate a sustainable development strategy for forest and protective areas. This study is related with the enactment of the No. 19 Act in 2004 which is implemented in the forest areas, as a new regulation of forestry especially for 13 companies which got the permission in accordance with Presidential Decree No. 41 in 2004 which is a manifestation of synchronization of mining activities in the forest areas. The method of this paper is used a normative legal research to study and evaluate the governmental policies and strategies which deal with mining activities in the forest areas. In this paper I analize a normative vagueness between two Acts, that is No. 11 Act in 1967 as the law of mining and No. 41 Act in 1999 as the law of forestry regarding utilization of forest and conservative forest to overlapping the mining activities. From the result of this study I concluded that in reality the mining is one of the causes of forest destruction. Walhi indicated that the mining locations clearly visible how the face of Indonesian forests are destroyed by excavation, disposal of waste rock and tailing and after mine operation support of the activities and they left about the holes were allowed to continue to open and become toxic acid at the post-mining lake. From the review above for addressing the threat need to formulate a sustainable development strategy for forest and protective areas at least need to revitalize the effort to required legislation concerning forest and conservation of biodiversity for mining activities in the forest areas.

This article aims at studying the synchronized activity of the mining industry in forestry zone. This article is composed of normative legal research with the statute approach, the case approach and the library approach which uses the documentes of UKL/UPL and the environmental assessment PLTP in Bedugul made by LIPI and PPLH in Unud, as well as the newses from Walhi magazine and news paper "Bali Post". From the result of this article we know that controversial application for act No. 11 of 1967 and act No. 41 of 1999 have a difference in the uses of preservational forestry area and conservation for the mining activity in almost forestry area in Indonesia, and with issue of decision letter by ministry of Ekoin No. KEP-04/M.EKON/09/2000 concerning with the coordinating research team for utilizing forestry area to the mining. And the result indicated very cleary that government truely disregardes the safety of preserving and conservative forestry. From reason which occurs problem in this side, we must need to revitalization of legal definity, strong prohibitation to using preservational forestry and conservation from the mining industry. And society must take participation to the establishmental activities from beginning, because society will be able to know the estimation of result faster.

The implementation of affirmative quota policies by political structures, especially political parties as one of the elements of the political infrastructure, has provided the widest possible opportunity for women to be directly involved in the political process, such as becoming members of parliament to carry out over sight, budgeting, and legislative functions: the making and policymaking and political decisions. This research examines how women in the family path of the 2019's election results, on the one hand, their faces are seen as political representatives of women in parliament, but on the other hand, they are also seen as representatives of the interests of party oligarchy in parliament. We explored the filling of affirmative quotas for female parliamentary candidates from the family line by political parties which allowed us to identify women parliamentarians from the family line as having two faces, namely as women's political representatives as well as party political representatives. In a stronger party oligarchy, we argue that filling the affirmative quota of female parliamentary candidates from the family line apart from being urged by the affirmative quota policy for 30%women's political representation, is also motivated by the interests of party oligarchy. We adopt the thoughts of Anne Phillips (1991) about the politics of presence which sees that women's representation in parliament starts from the number, not from the policies they produce.

Die Überlegungen der Autoren beziehen sich auf die bestehende Verbindung zwischen Geschichte und Sozialwissenschaften. Sie basieren auf der Annahme, dass die Sozialwissenschaften an der Erklärung sozialer Phänomene beteiligt sind, die in historischen Kontexten eingebettet sind. Obwohl sie eine akademische Disziplin sind, verknüpfen sich die Sozialwissenschaften mit sozialen, politischen und ethischen Überlegungen und Forderungen. Die Analyse der Autoren richtet sich auf mehrere Gesichtspunkte: Erstens auf die Rolle von Historikern und Sozialwissenschaftlern aus der frühen Entwicklungsphase in Indonesien bis zum Niedergang des Regimes der "Neuen Ordnung" von Präsident Suharto; zweitens auf den Stellenwert der Geschichte und der Sozialwissenschaften an den indonesischen Hochschulen, und drittens auf die Herausforderungen der Internationalisierung der Sozial- und Geisteswissenschaften im heutigen Indonesien. Die Autoren gehen außerdem auf die negativen Auswirkungen von Modernisierung und Globalisierung ein und betonen die Tatsache, dass soziologische Experten in Indonesien nicht in der Lage waren, die Entwicklungen schnell genug vorauszusehen. (ICI).

Adat and religious values played a significant role in the rise of social movements and people power during the Dutch colonial era which is evident in the dynamics of Bali in particular. For centuries, adat customary traditions had been deeply rooted in Balinese communities and strongly contributed to civilization and culture. However, certain factors, such as social, economic and political disturbances have threatened the stability of Balinese communities and culture. From the local perspective of Bali, this posed a threat against the sovereignty of the kingdom of Bali, was still recognized as an autonomous territory. In light of the above issues, this article used an interdisciplinary approach to historiography in analyzing oral history and textual archives. It is hoped to offer a better understanding of how historical Balinese adat and religious values fostered an increase in social resilience and people power when faced with externally generated disturbances.

Adat and religious values played a significant role in the rise of social movements and people power during the Dutch colonial era which is evident in the dynamics of Bali in particular. For centuries, adat customary traditions had been deeply rooted in Balinese communities and strongly contributed to civilization and culture. However, certain factors, such as social, economic and political disturbances have threatened the stability of Balinese communities and culture. From the local perspective of Bali, this posed a threat against the sovereignty of the kingdom of Bali, was still recognized as an autonomous territory. In light of the above issues, this article used an interdisciplinary approach to historiography in analyzing oral history and textual archives. It is hoped to offer a better understanding of how historical Balinese adat and religious values fostered an increase in social resilience and people power when faced with externally generated disturbances.

The development of renewable energy sources continues in the ASEAN region to meet the ASEAN energy mix target of 23% in 2025 and 31% in 2050. This is to meet the region's estimated 50% increase in energy demand. Renewable energy development projects in the ASEAN region have a beneficial effect on the ASEAN community's social life. This research is a review of the literature, examining journals on the socioeconomic benefits of NRE development through the lens of ASEAN member countries. Several conclusions can be drawn from the analysis's findings, including the following: (1) this renewable energy project can alleviate poverty by involving community members in utilizing natural resources to build power plants; (2) the creation of new jobs; (3) gross domestic product (GDP) is projected to increase by 2.5 percent in 2050; (4) the establishment of gender equality for women in the use of energy for regional development; and (5) an increase in education and scholastic achievement. The ASEAN region

The economic development of a country depends on sustainable energy sources that meet basic human needs. Government policy on energy conservation is an effort to maintain the stability of energy security that affects the economic development of a country. Southeast Asia is experiencing rapid economic growth and development, combined with population growth and urbanization, as well as increased access to basic services. This study aimed to determine the seven key factors considered that shape energy in Southeast Asia. Based on the panel data model, it showed that energy demand in the ASEAN region greatly influences GDP per capita; demographics and urbanization; air quality, climate risk, and environmental degradation; energy accessibility, affordability, and security; investment and financial ; as well as energy policies, prices, and regulations.

This study aims to analyze the business model of the purun straw craft business in Tumbang Nusa Village and determine the strategy for developing the purun straw craft business model in Tumbang Nusa Village with the Bussines Model Canvas (BMC) approach. Purun straws in Tumbang Nusa village. This study uses descriptive research methods to collect detailed actual information that describes existing symptoms, identifies problems or examines prevailing conditions and practices. The results of the research on the canvas model business mapping that have been carried out, it turns out that the customer segment of the purun straw craftsmen has been diversified into Bussines to Bussines and Bussines to Consumer customers with marketing reach in the cities of Palangkaraya, Jakarta and Bali. The revenue stream element from straw craftsmen is only in the form of selling straws. Furthermore, the main resources used are production equipment, human resources, capital, transportation and communication tools with key activities in the form of production and marketing activities. Meanwhile, the main partnership that keeps the business running is the Liaison and the government. The last element in the form of a cost structure contains fixed costs and variable costs. After getting information from the business model environment and SWOT analysis, the changes to the existing canvas business model are obtained. In order for the production process to run more efficiently, the use of appropriate technology is added through production mechanization, while for the main activity promotional activities are added. Researchers suggest craftsmen can implement improvement strategies on the Business Model Canvas elements that focus on five elements, namely, Customer segments, Channels, Customer relationships, Key activities and Key partners so that operational activities are expected to be more effective

Poverty in Indonesia raises various complex problems such as unemployment, crime, and other social problems. Surabaya is one of metropolitan city in Indonesia, yet still has a high poverty rates. Various attempts have been made by the Surabaya City Government to overcome the problem of poverty. Some of the policies implemented by the Surabaya City Government are Urban Farming Program and UMKM Tangible Economy Heroes Program. This study wants to answer empirically how effective the program is. Effectiveness according to Budiani (2007: 53) can be measured through the determination of program objectives, program socialization, program objectives, and program monitoring. This program takes place in Kelurahan Keputih and Rungkut Lor, Surabaya using a comparative descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The Urban Farming Program is a program to spur improvement in the living standards of the poor who are engaged in strengthening the urban agriculture sector. The Urban Farming Program is felt to be lacking in accuracy of the program targets due to incompatible products produced with demand, incompatible characteristics of the area with what is planted, and products produced can only be consumed alone. Intangible UMKM Economic Heroes Program is a program to empower housewives from poor families and MSME entrepreneurs. The Intangible Economy Hero Program of UMKM is deemed effective in minimizing poverty.

Indian culture has dominantly influenced the Indonesian people, particularly in the western part of the archipelago. This, which started centuries ago, can still be seen in the peoples' daily lives in social, cultural, economic and political matters. Both the Hindu and Buddhist lessons have been practiced in Bali, although it is argued that the Buddhist lessons had been developed earlier than the Hindu ones. These developments have strongly characterized Balinese daily life, so, it is very important to understand how people anticipate and solve some crucial issues regarding the processes of modernization and globalization. There are some important questions that need to be addressed on the Indian influences in strengthening the Balinese culture from the earlier periods until the modern and even postmodern times. In this case, the specific questions are: Firstly, how did the Balinese accept these two lessons in their daily lives in the context of Balinization processes? Secondly, what kinds of tangible and intangible cultures of the Hindu and Buddhist lessons can be seen in the present day Bali? Thirdly, how do they strengthen the Bali identity or Balinization, known as "Ajeg Bali"?

Indian culture has dominantly influenced the Indonesian people, particularly in the western part of the archipelago. This, which started centuries ago, can still be seen in the peoples' daily lives in social, cultural, economic and political matters. Both the Hindu and Buddhist lessons have been practiced in Bali, although it is argued that the Buddhist lessons had been developed earlier than the Hindu ones. These developments have strongly characterized Balinese daily life, so, it is very important to understand how people anticipate and solve some crucial issues regarding the processes of modernization and globalization. There are some important questions that need to be addressed on the Indian influences in strengthening the Balinese culture from the earlier periods until the modern and even postmodern times. In this case, the specific questions are: Firstly, how did the Balinese accept these two lessons in their daily lives in the context of Balinization processes? Secondly, what kinds of tangible and intangible cultures of the Hindu and Buddhist lessons can be seen in the present day Bali? Thirdly, how do they strengthen the Bali identity or Balinization, known as "Ajeg Bali"?