Suchergebnisse

The aim of the study is the evaluation of the socio-economic situation of Poland in comparison to EU countries and the identification of the homogeneous groups of countries according to their level of development. The authors applied two approaches. The first approach classifies the countries according to social and economic variables separately. The linear ordering of countries was conducted by means of method using Weber's median vector. The homogeneous groups of countries were identified with application of the three medians method and the method of the analysis of taxonomic measure differences of development proposed by the authors. The second approach divides countries into the homogeneous groups according to social and economic variables at the same time. Therefore the multi-criteria taxonomy was applied. The data came from Central Statistical Office of Poland and Eurostat.

The main goal of the article is to make a statistical evaluation of tourist attractiveness of provincial (voivodship) capitals in Poland in 2011. The analysis was started from the characteristics of tourist flows, which were registered in accommodation facilities located in the analized cities. For this purpose, indicators of the development of tourism were used, which allowed authors to determine the role of the study area in the development of the tourism sector in Poland. In addition, was conducted a study of the spatial diversity of tourist attractiveness of provincial cities. The Weber's median vector was used to linear organization and detection typological groups of objects. In result of analysis, were detected differences between provincial capitals, in level of tourist attractiveness due to the diversity of tourist values and uneven development for tourism needs, which affects the distribution of tourist flows.

One of the most common errors in research on sustainable development is to analyse a set of features describing this development within one set of diagnostic features. Such an approach does not allow for examining the real changes taking place within each area of sustainable development. These changes may have a completely different direction in the case of indicators describing, for example, the economic area or the environmental area of sustainable development. The solution is to consider the indicators separately for each area and then compare the results obtained. In this work, multi‑criteria taxonomy was used for this purpose. The study used indicators published by Eurostat to monitor progress in implementing the Agenda for Sustainable Development 2030 from 2008 and 2016. The results presented in the paper confirmed the considerable diversity of the EU countries in each area of sustainable development and their large heterogeneity.

One of the most common errors in research on sustainable development is to analyse a set of features describing this development within one set of diagnostic features. Such an approach does not allow for examining the real changes taking place within each area of sustainable development. These changes may have a completely different direction in the case of indicators describing, for example, the economic area or the environmental area of sustainable development. The solution is to consider the indicators separately for each area and then compare the results obtained. In this work, multi‑criteria taxonomy was used for this purpose. The study used indicators published by Eurostat to monitor progress in implementing the Agenda for Sustainable Development 2030 from 2008 and 2016. The results presented in the paper confirmed the considerable diversity of the EU countries in each area of sustainable development and their large heterogeneity. ; Jednym z najczęściej popełnianych błędow podczas badań nad zrownoważonym rozwojem jest rozpatrywanie zbioru cech opisujących ten rozwoj w ramach jednego zbioru cech diagnostycznych. Takie podejście nie pozwala na zbadanie rzeczywistych zmian zachodzących w ramach poszczegolnych ładow zrownoważonego rozwoju. Zmiany te mogą mieć zupełnie inny przebieg w przypadku wskaźnikow opisujących np. wymiar gospodarczy czy środowiskowy zrownoważonego rozwoju. Rozwiązaniem jest rozpatrywanie wskaźnikow oddzielnie dla każdego ładu, a następnie porownywanie uzyskanych wynikow. W artykule zastosowano w tym celu taksonomię wielokryterialną. Do badania wykorzystano publikowane przez Eurostat wskaźniki monitorujące postęp we wdrażaniu Agendy na rzecz zrownoważonego rozwoju 2030 z lat 2008 i 2016. Otrzymane wyniki potwierdziły znaczne zrożnicowanie badanych krajow UE w zakresie poszczegolnych ładow i duże ich rozwarstwienie.

One of the most common errors in research on sustainable development is to analyse a set of features describing this development within one set of diagnostic features. Such an approach does not allow for examining the real changes taking place within each area of sustainable development. These changes may have a completely different direction in the case of indicators describing, for example, the economic area or the environmental area of sustainable development. The solution is to consider the indicators separately for each area and then compare the results obtained. In this work, multi‑criteria taxonomy was used for this purpose. The study used indicators published by Eurostat to monitor progress in implementing the Agenda for Sustainable Development 2030 from 2008 and 2016. The results presented in the paper confirmed the considerable diversity of the EU countries in each area of sustainable development and their large heterogeneity. ; Jednym z najczęściej popełnianych błędow podczas badań nad zrownoważonym rozwojem jest rozpatrywanie zbioru cech opisujących ten rozwoj w ramach jednego zbioru cech diagnostycznych. Takie podejście nie pozwala na zbadanie rzeczywistych zmian zachodzących w ramach poszczegolnych ładow zrownoważonego rozwoju. Zmiany te mogą mieć zupełnie inny przebieg w przypadku wskaźnikow opisujących np. wymiar gospodarczy czy środowiskowy zrownoważonego rozwoju. Rozwiązaniem jest rozpatrywanie wskaźnikow oddzielnie dla każdego ładu, a następnie porownywanie uzyskanych wynikow. W artykule zastosowano w tym celu taksonomię wielokryterialną. Do badania wykorzystano publikowane przez Eurostat wskaźniki monitorujące postęp we wdrażaniu Agendy na rzecz zrownoważonego rozwoju 2030 z lat 2008 i 2016. Otrzymane wyniki potwierdziły znaczne zrożnicowanie badanych krajow UE w zakresie poszczegolnych ładow i duże ich rozwarstwienie.

AbstractThe article presents the state of research on the greenwashing. Greenwashing is a popular research trend; recently (especially, 2020–2023), more and more systematic reviews have been published. However, unlike other reviews, the article presents the broadest possible research perspective, without highlighting any research trends. The original approach is expressed in the article as a review of literature reviews. As a result of the research conducted using correspondence analysis in the years 2007–2023, 112 publications were isolated and grouped into six clusters presenting publications according to groups of enterprises, the geographical context of the study, entity that can use the research results, and factors negatively correlated with greenwashing. The obtained results show that greenwashing is an increasingly popular research trend; various stakeholders, including governments and financial institutions, can use research results. Articles related to Africa have their characteristics and constitute a separate research motive.

AbstractIn conditions of limited natural resources, growing social awareness, and ESG risk, sustainability and the pressure to be sustainable are gaining importance. Legislative requirements, good practices and recommendations as well as the stakeholders themselves expect from market participants, especially from the enterprise sector, that they will incorporate sustainability in their activities. Enterprises undertake adaptation activities towards sustainability by creating sustainable value based on their business models. The article aims to systematize the state of knowledge on how companies create sustainable value. Research results in this area are dispersed, and more studies discussing this topic comprehensively are needed. The article fills the gap in research by reviewing the existing studies on creating sustainable value. The analysis of publications was based on the academic databases of Elsevier Scopus and Web‐of‐Science. 101 publications were reviewed, and 31 categorization variables related to the area of research and issues addressed in scientific publications were created. Using a multidimensional correspondence analysis, three homogeneous clusters of publications were obtained: group I refers to articles concerning enterprises of various sizes (micro, small, SME, and start‐up); group II includes publications on Asia and Australia, which appeared in 2020 or later; group III concerns articles related to the research of large production companies in developed European countries. The result shows that companies build sustainable value in various ways, influenced by company's location and size. Among the dominant patterns of incorporating sustainable value, the following are indicated: building a sustainable supply chain, innovations, building relationships with stakeholders and consumers, sharing economy.

Abstract

Research background: The efficiency of the functioning of District Employment Agencies is often assessed on the basis of the level of employment and cost-effectiveness indices. The values of these indices are influenced by various socio-economic factors, which were grouped into five areas in the paper: unemployment, demography, environment, entities and the human potential of District Employment Agencies (PUPs). The research was conducted in 340 District Employment Agencies in 2017.

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to separate groups of District Employment Agencies with similar values of employment and cost-effectiveness indices, with the simultaneous identification of the level of factors that characterize the socio-economic situation and staff potential in each of the separated groups.

Research methodology: One of the methods of a multidimensional statistical analysis – the regression trees method was used in the work.

Results: The use of regression trees allowed the separation of groups of District Employment Agencies, which differed in terms of the level of employment and cost-effectiveness indices, and characterized these groups due to socio-economic factors and staffing potential.

Novelty: The survey covers all District Employment Agencies in Poland and the obtained research results can be useful for labor market institutions to assess the efficiency of PUPs.

In Poland, institutions that perform public tasks in the field of the labour market are state employment services, including District Labour Offices (PUPs). They try to restore the unemployed to the open labour market using active forms of their activation. The activities of PUPs in the field of customer activation are subject to annual evaluation. According to the "Act on Employment Promotion and on Labour Market Institutions", four indicators were selected for the evaluation of the functioning of labour offices in 2015–2017. Among them, the employment effectiveness index is very important, as its level allows us to assess to what extent active forms of activation of the unemployed implemented by PUPs contribute to the return of the unemployed to employment. This assessment is so important that in Poland as well as in other countries research has been conducted on both active forms of activation of the unemployed and employment policies. The aim of the research whose results are presented in the article was to identify factors influencing the employment effectiveness index achieved by District Labour Offices (PUPs) operating in Poland in 2016. Selected statistical methods were used, including correlation and regression analysis as well as multidimensional correspondence analysis. It turned out that the methods applied did not make it possible to unambiguously identify factors which had significantly affected the employment effectiveness index calculated on the basis of all forms of activation. It may turn out that clearer relations could be identified if this indicator was considered separately for particular forms of activation.

One of the key challenges for climate policies is the identification of strategies that will effectively support the implementation of environmental goals. Environmental policies are connected with other development policies carried out by governments. In order to comprehensively shape environmental policy, it is important to understand the interactions between sustainable development goals (SDGs) as well as their impact on environmental goals. Employing econometric modeling based on the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) method and full-factorial analysis, the authors identify a number of statistically significant relationships between the implementation of sustainable development goals and the environmental variable represented by greenhouse gas emissions. Analysis reveals that implementation of particular sustainable development goals, namely SDG4 (Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities) and SDG17 (Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development), explicitly facilitate the achievement of environmental policies. In addition, other SDGs exert an indirect influence on environmental goals through their reinforcing interactions with SDG4 and SDG17 variables. These are: SDG1 (End poverty), SDG3 (Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being), SDG8 (Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, and productive employment) and SDG15 (Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests and halt biodiversity loss). These findings have important implications for proper identification of effective government policy instruments which indirectly support the achievement of environmental goals. ; 8 ; 1-22 ; 14