Suchergebnisse

Agriculture generates roughly one-quarter of global greenhouse gas emissions. By 2050, without major mitigation efforts, agricultural emissions are likely to reach levels that would make meeting global climate targets practically unachievable. Meanwhile, countries that produce two-thirds of the world's agricultural output provided US$600 billion per year in agricultural financial support on average from 2014 to 2016. By evaluating these support programs, both overall and with six case studies, this report finds that many governments have moved to make their farm support less likely to distort what farmers produce, but only a modest portion of programs support environmental objectives, and even fewer support the mitigation of climate change. Out of US$300 billion in direct spending, only 9 percent explicitly supports conservation, while another 12 percent supports research and technical assistance. Instances in which receiving government funding is contingent upon supporting environmental objectives provide models on which to build but so far have produced only modest environmental benefits. Because crop and pasture yields need to grow dramatically to avoid more deforestation and other conversion of native habitats, mitigation priorities include help for farmers to boost yields and livestock productivity. Yet to avoid inadvertently encouraging more conversion, this aid must be conditioned on the protection of forests and other native areas. Overall, climate-oriented support for agriculture should have as a guiding principle increasing the efficient use of land and other natural resources. Incentive programs should be structured so that they offer graduated payments for higher climate performance. Governments should also prioritize coordinated projects across multiple producers to explore critically needed innovations in farm management, and should support those projects with research and technical assistance. ; IFPRI5; DCA; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry ; MTID ; PR

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This study summarizes the developments of the EU Single Payment Scheme, its national implementation by Member States and provides an economic assessment of the scheme. The various proposals made to change the system of direct payments are examined and possible options for reforms are identified. A new system of direct payments for the next Financial Perspective is suggested. It involves a gradual reorientation of direct payments from income support to remuneration for the provision of public goods. Reform proposals for the remaining income support include cofinancing and a move towards a flatter system with a cap related to labour units. This proposal subscribes to subsidiarity, but the increased weight of remuneration for public goods would also call for a stronger harmonisation of the legislative baseline on which the system of EU payments rests. ; Le document est un rapport du Parlement Européen fait par un groupe d'économistes coordonnés par JC Bureau et HP Witzke, sur les voies de réforme des paiements directes qui représentent désormais l'essentiel du budget de la Politique Agricole Commune. Les propositions des différents états membres, des organisations non gouvernementales et du monde académique sont recensées et examinées. Des simulations de plusieurs voies pour réformer ces paiements directs sont effectuées et la compatibilité des différentes propositions avec le cadre budgétaire et les engagements internationaux sont analysés.

This study summarizes the developments of the EU Single Payment Scheme, its national implementation by Member States and provides an economic assessment of the scheme. The various proposals made to change the system of direct payments are examined and possible options for reforms are identified. A new system of direct payments for the next Financial Perspective is suggested. It involves a gradual reorientation of direct payments from income support to remuneration for the provision of public goods. Reform proposals for the remaining income support include cofinancing and a move towards a flatter system with a cap related to labour units. This proposal subscribes to subsidiarity, but the increased weight of remuneration for public goods would also call for a stronger harmonisation of the legislative baseline on which the system of EU payments rests. ; Le document est un rapport du Parlement Européen fait par un groupe d'économistes coordonnés par JC Bureau et HP Witzke, sur les voies de réforme des paiements directes qui représentent désormais l'essentiel du budget de la Politique Agricole Commune. Les propositions des différents états membres, des organisations non gouvernementales et du monde académique sont recensées et examinées. Des simulations de plusieurs voies pour réformer ces paiements directs sont effectuées et la compatibilité des différentes propositions avec le cadre budgétaire et les engagements internationaux sont analysés.