Suchergebnisse

Based on an exploration of both pre-Nazi and Nazi theory and practice, Pete Kakel challenges the dominant narrative of the murder of European Jewry, illuminating the Holocaust's decidedly imperial-colonial origins, context, and content in a book of interest to students, teachers, and lay readers, as well as specialist and non-specialist scholars

Abstract
Recognizing the potential of World War II to serve as a catalyst in the equal rights struggle, many African Americans adopted a "double V for a double victory" campaign—victory against democracy's enemies at home and abroad. In Baltimore, Maryland, activists embraced Double V themes to mobilize support for equal rights protests and campaigns in a sustained attack on Jim Crow that lasted throughout the war's duration. This all-out charge by Black activists—and not a few white allies—included wartime employment, public accommodations, direct political action, housing, and racial unity campaigns. In wartime Baltimore, the city's neighborhoods, defense plants, theaters, parks, and department stores became contested sites, where its Black and white citizens played out the racial politics of the Jim Crow segregationist culture. In the end, most white Baltimoreans chose to resist changes to the local Jim Crow racial status quo and to keep Baltimore a Jim Crow city. Yet, despite defeat in the war against Jim Crow, Baltimore's Black activists gained much from the lessons and legacies of their wartime equal-rights struggle. In many ways, wartime protest and confrontation, in the Baltimore case, was a "turning point" in the local equal-rights struggle—forging interracial alliances, reshaping local (and ultimately state and regional) politics, and laying the foundation for the eventual defeat of Jim Crow in its northernmost outpost. Well before the emergence of a national civil rights movement, Baltimore had already entered the modern civil rights movement phase of its centuries-long Black freedom struggle.

In the fall of 2002, I received an unexpected call from the US Department of Defense asking for my help in its efforts to develop contingency plans for various sectors of Iraq's economy in the event that military action did occur. The Iraqi oil industry is, by far, the most important economic sector and would have to be back in operation quickly if the country was to recover from the effects of the fighting and move on to a more hopeful future. The planning effort was carried out by contractors under existing DOD contracts. The effort was intense. A number of scenarios were evaluated ranging from massive destruction of facilities and an uncooperative workforce, to more benign ones where physical damage was light and good relations with the oil workers could be maintained. For each of these potential outcomes, estimates were made of human, material, and financial resources that would be required. The organisational structure of the recovery effort was laid out and the process of identifying the people to do the jobs was begun.

This work was supported by Grant SAF2017-88026-R from Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Spanish Government (to J. L. and M. D. D.), funded in part by FEDER Program from the European Union, National Institutes of Health Grant CA57138/CA from NCI (to R. N. E.), and grants from Shriners Hospitals for Children (to P. J. H.).