Suchergebnisse

Anhand empirischer Untersuchungsergebnisse analysieren die Autoren Rolle und Einfluß von Frauen bei der Führung bäuerlicher Betriebe in Burkina Faso. Nicht zuletzt geht es um die Impulse, die mit Unterstützung der Weltbank und nichtstaatlicher Organisationen in den 80er Jahren eingeführte sogenannte "Training-and Visit"-Managementsysteme im Bereich von Landwirtschaft und ländlicher Entwicklung brachten. (DÜI-Kör)

The paper examines effects of agricultural extension on crop yields in Kenya controlling for other determinants of yields, notably the schooling of farmers and agro-ecological characteristics of arable land. The data we use were collected by the Government of Kenya in 1982 and 1990, but the estimation results reported in the paper are based primarily on the 1982 data set. The sample used for estimation contains information about crop production, agricultural extension workers (exogenously supplied to farms), educational attainment of farmers, usage of farm inputs, among others. A quantile regression technique was used to investigate productivity effects of agricultural extension and other farm inputs over the entire conditional distribution of farm yield residuals. We find that productivity effect of agricultural extension is highest at the extreme ends of distribution of yield residuals. Complementarity of unobserved farmer ability with extension service at higher yield residuals and the diminishing returns to the extension input, which are uncompensated for by ability at the lower tail of the distribution, are hypothesized to account for this U-shaped pattern of the productivity effect of extension across yield quantiles. This finding suggests that for a given level of extension input, unobserved factors such as farm management abilities affect crop yields differently. Effects of schooling on farm yields are positive but statistically insignificant. Other determinants of farm yields that we analyze include labour input, farmer experience, agro-ecological characteristics of farms, fallow acreage, and types of crops grown.

An evaluation of an important program designed to produce rapid productivity growth in India. The Intensive Agriculture Districts Program (IADP) was a major component of the Indian Government's desire to launch a "new strategy" for agricultural development in the 1960's. Prior evaluations have been incomplete & flawed by an inappropriate interpretation of the evidence. More recent data & the total factor productivity approach are utilized to evaluate gains from the programs. A main premise of the analysis is the concept of economic slack existing in these districts at the beginning of the program. The program induced a very significant increase in the use of modern inputs & hence of agricultural production, but did not result in a major gain in real total factor productivity. 4 Tables, 2 Figures, 3 Appendices. Modified HA.