Suchergebnisse

In the first section of this article, a comparative analysis is undertaken of Latin America and semi-industrialized countries in other areas of the world. Attention is drawn to the specific features of Latin America as regards its lack of a strong predisposition toward the incorporation of technological progress and its dubious achievements in relation to growth, equity, and competitiveness. In the second section, a similar type of comparative analysis is applied to the leading countries. Finally, some reflections are presented with regard to directions and actions in Latin America and in the north that could contribute to confronting what in the first section is defined as the challenge of Latin America, that is, to approaching the until now empty box wherein growth converges with equity.

Three issues pertinent to economic development in Latin America are discussed: (1) the fact that no Latin American country has achieved both growth & equity (the "empty box" in the two-by-two table); (2) the "black box" of technological progress; & (3) the relevance of these subjects to macroeconomic thought. It is argued that the theoretical framework used in creating economic policies neglects the main feature of the development problem, the subject of productivity & technological progress. 2 Tables, 2 Photographs. A. Waters

Die spezifische lateinamerikanische Industrialisierungsstrategie beruhte auf Importsubstitution und unterschied sich somit vom Industrialisierungsweg der heute entwickelten Gesellschaften. Hierin liegt der Grund für die unbefriedigenden Ergebnisse im Hinblick auf Beschäftigung, Einkommensentwicklung und technologische Autonomie. Erfolgreiche Industrialisierungsmodelle von Drittweltländern wie in Südostasien basieren auf Exportorientierung

RESUMO A democratização na América Latina pode afirmar um novo paradigma de desenvolvimento para a região. Essa hipótese é considerada a partir da análise dos desafios econômicos externos e internos e das potencialidades econômicas da democratização. O maior desafio é transcender aquelas modalidades de organização econômica, social e política que deram origem ao autoritarismo e suas diversas modalidades. Analisam-se as potencialidades intermediárias e longínquas da democratização no circuito da inovação social, criatividade, gestão pública e integração regional, excluindo as concepções neoliberais no "Cone Sul" para sugerir novos caminhos e meios para o progresso.