Suchergebnisse

Este artículo analiza el significado de la conspiración de 1805 de Gabriel Aguilar y José Manuel de Ubalde, la cual apuntaba a coronar un miembro de la elite indígena del Cusco como Emperador Inca de un Perú independiente. Aunque la conspiración falló, proporcionó un vínculo importante entre la insurgencia indígena generalizada de inicios de 1780's, iniciada por José Gabreil Tupac Amaru, y el movimiento independista de base más amplia de 184-1815, el cual buscó unir a los criollos y a los habitantes indígenas del sur de Perú en un intento por un Perú independiente, con Cusco como su capital. ; This article analyses the significance of the 1805 Conspiracy of Gabriel Aguilar and José Manuel de Ubalde, which aimed to crown a member of the indigenous elite of Cusco as Inca Emperor of an independent Peru. Although the conspiracy failed, it provided an important link between the widespread indigenous insurgency of the early-1780s, initiated by José Gabriel Tupac Amaru, and the broader -based independence movement of 1814-1815, which sought to unite the creole and indigenous inhabitants of southern Peru in a bid for an independent Peru, with Cusco as its capital.

In 1808 the political structures of the Hispanic world began to collapse as the fourth and fifth of Spain's Bourbon monarchs —Charles IV (1788–1808) and Ferdinand VII (1808–1833)— abdicated in quick succession before going into a genteel imprisonment in France which lasted until 1814, thereby leaving the way clear for Napoleon Bonaparte's brother, Joseph, to be crowned king of Spain in Madrid in June 1808. Despite the acquiescence of elements of the Spanish aristocracy and the enthusiasm for the change of dynasty among the country's progressive afrancesados, almost immediately spontaneous popular resistance to what was in effect a Napoleonic takeover of the Spanish State became widespread throughout the country. It was coordinated by, first, the Junta Central, established in September 1808, and from January 1810 by a Council of Regency, installed in the Isla de León. This essay analyses the events in Spain from early-1808 that led to this outcome, and reactions to them in the viceroyalty of Peru, with particular reference to the application there of the Constitution of Cádiz of 1812, prior to the receipt in late-1814 of the news that the restored Ferdinand VII had abolished the liberal code in May of that year. ; En 1808 las estructuras políticas del mundo hispánico comenzaron a derrumbarse cuando el cuarto y quinto de los monarcas Borbones españoles —Carlos IV (1888–08) y Fernando VII (1808–33)— abdicaron sucesivamente y forzosamente se exiliaron en Francia hasta 1814, dejando el camino libre para el hermano de Napoleón Bonaparte, José, pudiera ser coronado rey de España en Madrid en junio de 1808. A pesar de la aquiescencia de la aristocracia española y el entusiasmo por el cambio de dinastía, entre los sectores afrancesados, la resistencia popular apareció muy pronto de manera espontánea, ya que se traba de una verdadera toma de posesión napoleónica del Estado español, que rápidamente se extendió por todo el país. Esta resistencia fue coordinada, primero, la Junta Central, creada en septiembre de 1808, y desde enero de 1810 por un Consejo de Regencia, instalado en la Isla de León. Este ensayo analiza los acontecimientos ocurridos en España desde principios del 1808, y las reacciones a los mismos en el virreinato del Perú, con especial referencia a la aplicación de la Constitución de Cádiz de 1812, y la recepción, a finales de 1814, de la noticia de que Fernando VII, restaurado en el trono, abolía la constitución en mayo de ese año.In 1808 the political structures of the Hispanic world began to collapse as the fourth and fifth of Spain's Bourbon monarchs —Charles IV (1788–1808) and Ferdinand VII (1808–1833)— abdicated in quick succession before going into a genteel imprisonment in France which lasted until 1814, thereby leaving the way clear for Napoleon Bonaparte's brother, Joseph, to be crowned king of Spain in Madrid in June 1808. Despite the acquiescence of elements of the Spanish aristocracy and the enthusiasm for the change of dynasty among the country's progressive afrancesados, almost immediately spontaneous popular resistance to what was in effect a Napoleonic takeover of the Spanish State became widespread throughout the country. It was coordinated by, first, the Junta Central, established in September 1808, and from January 1810 by a Council of Regency, installed in the Isla de León. This essay analyses the events in Spain from early-1808 that led to this outcome, and reactions to them in the viceroyalty of Peru, with particular reference to the application there of the Constitution of Cádiz of 1812, prior to the receipt in late-1814 of the news that the restored Ferdinand VII had abolished the liberal code in May of that year.