Suchergebnisse

Class & mass society are explored as 2 explanatory factors in the emergence of fascism & totalitarianism. The theoretical discussion is complemented by an analysis of Peronism in Argentina, compared with Italian fascism. The main points of comparison are the contrasting SC's which give support to the mass movements in each country; diff's in soc structure; & diff's in degree & rate of ED & soc modernization. It is seen that the underlying culture, basic values, & att's are in both cases Latin, & a substantial part of the Argentine pop is composed of 1st, 2nd, & 3rd generation Italians. The historical experience & the accumulation of theories, hyp's & facts have led to changing interpretations of totalitarianism. 2 approaches are examined: (1) the structural (Marxist) version of the class hyp; & (2) the psycho-soc version of the class hyp. Then theories of mass society are considered. The author's general framework of the mobilization process as presented in SA 0206/B5791 is referred to. It utilized the concepts of diff types of mobilization & diff phases within the process. Its distinction between primary & secondary mobilization refers to the type of pre-existing soc structure. The main diff between the Argentinian & the Italian experience of totalitarianism lies in the diff classes out of which the mobilized masses were recruited, & in the diff stages of mobilization. Peronism, in contrast with Italian fascism, relied on Lc recruitment & primary mobilization. It was a 'nat'l-popular' movement, which is perhaps typical of primary mobilization. Peronism had totalitarian traits-but it was not really very diff from the 'popular-liberal' movement, the Radical Party, which had given pol'al expression to Argentina's first stage of primary mobilization. M. Maxfield.

An historical account, based on statistical evidence offered in 23 tables, of the role of mass immigration in the modernization of Argentina. The regime established after Independence was won in 1810 broke with the Spanish policy of isolation & opened the country to foreigners. After 1853, when liberals overthrew the xenophobic dictatorship of J. M. Rosas, official policy favored mass immigration from Europe as a means of turning Argentina into a modern nation. This policy produced a large proportion of foreign-born, which rose to 29.9% in 1914 (more than twice the US maximum of 14.7% in 1914). Nonetheless, the immigrants have been 'rather successfully' assimilated, though doubts & fears about 'hybridization' persist, together with a nostalgia for the lost homogeneous Creole society found even in well-known liberal writers like E. Mallea & J. L. Borges. I. Langnas.