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Noncompensatory decision making forms a core part of poliheuristic theory. At the same time, decision making under constraints is a common view among expected utility theorists. It is argued that poliheuristic theory permits one to endogenize constraints. Views about the rules ofwar are used to contrast the exogenous versus endogenous perspectives, and the noncompensatory perspective is formalized in terms of a class of utility functions. Finally, these poliheuristic, noncompensatory utility functions are contrasted with those typically used in the literature on spatial modeling.

Uses the rivalry approach to study democratic peace and regime change hypotheses, medium- and long-term conflict management questions, and mediation; 4 articles.

Some in the social sciences argue that the same logic applies to both qualitative and quantitative methods. In A Tale of Two Cultures, Gary Goertz and James Mahoney demonstrate that these two paradigms constitute different cultures, each internally coherent yet marked by contrasting norms, practices, and toolkits. They identify and discuss major differences between these two traditions that touch nearly every aspect of social science research, including design, goals, causal effects and models, concepts and measurement, data analysis, and case selection. Although focused on the differences be

Some in the social sciences argue that the same logic applies to both qualitative and quantitative methods. In A Tale of Two Cultures, Gary Goertz and James Mahoney demonstrate that these two paradigms constitute different cultures, each internally coherent yet marked by contrasting norms, practices, and toolkits. They identify and discuss major differences between these two traditions that touch nearly every aspect of social science research, including design, goals, causal effects and models, concepts and measurement, data analysis, and case selection. Although focused on the differences be.

A critique of concepts has been central to feminist scholarship since its inception. However, while gender scholars have identified the analytical gaps in existing social science concepts, few have systematically mapped out a gendered approach to issues in political analysis and theory development. This volume addresses this important gap in the literature by exploring the methodology of concept construction and critique, which is a crucial step to disciplined empirical analysis, research design, causal explanations, and testing hypotheses. Leading gender and politics scholars use a common framework to discuss methodological issues in some of the core concepts of feminist research in political science, including representation, democracy, welfare state governance, and political participation. This is an invaluable work for researchers and students in women's studies and political science

We describe an emerging research practice that we call Large-N Qualitative Analysis (LNQA), outline its core components and codify best practice. LNQA starts with hypothesized regularities and causal mechanisms. Regularities take two basic forms: Y generalizations (if Y then X) or X generalizations (if X then Y), albeit with more complex variants. To establish a causal generalization requires defining its scope. The strength of the regularity is simply the percentage of cases conforming with the causal claim. The causal force of LNQA, however, comes from within-case causal inference, which demonstrates the presence and operation of the postulated mechanisms in all cases in the scope. The method thus partly obviates problems arising from case selection in qualitative and multimethod work. We also identify a multimethod variant (M-LNQA), which combines LNQA with experimental, quasi-experimental, or observational statistical analysis. An appendix introduces over fifty examples of the method.

The paper argues that a new species of political institution has quickly spread across the globe to deal with regional governance. This new institutional form has similarities with the "state," "international institution," and "IGO" but also significant differences. The paper identifies the characteristics that constitute the population of regional governance institutions. The paper then identifies six core morphological characteristics that vary over time and space within this population. We then track empirically the changing nature of this population from 1980 to 2005. For example, by 2005 almost all countries of the world are members of at least one regional governance institution. Next we survey the very wide scope of economic and security issues covered in these institutions and how that has evolved over time. Finally, we show that almost all important single-issue security (military alliances), free trade agreements, along with new international courts are in fact all embedded in regional governance institutions. The paper concludes with some speculations about the causes of the rapid development in regional governance over the last 30 years. ; Dieser Beitrag argumentiert, dass Governance auf regionaler Ebene zunehmend von einer neuen, sich weltweit schnell ausbreitenden Art politischer Institution geprägt wird. Die neue institutionelle Form weist Ähnlichkeiten mit dem "Staat", der 'internationalen Institution" und der "internationalen Regierungsorganisation" auf. Gleichzeitig zeigen sich aber auch deutliche Unterschiede. Dieser Beitrag identifiziert Charakteristika, welche die Population der regionalen Governance-Institutionen konstituieren. Danach identifiziert der Beitrag sechs morphologische Charakteristika, die über Zeit und Raum innerhalb der Population variieren. Im nächsten Schritt folgt eine empirische Untersuchung der wandelnden Natur der Population von 1980 bis 2005. Beispielweise waren im Jahr 2005 fast alle Staaten der Welt Mitglieder mindestens einer regionalen Governance-Institution. Des Weiteren analysieren wir die große Vielfalt an ökonomischen und sicherheitsbezogenen Themen, die solche Institutionen abdecken und betrachten ihre zeitliche Entwicklung. Schließlich zeigen wir, dass fast alle wichtigen Verteidigungsabkommen (militärische Bündnisse), Freihandelsabkommen sowie alle neuen internationalen Gerichtshöfe in regionalen Governance-Institutionen eingebettet sind. Der Beitrag schließt mit einigen Überlegungen über Ursachen der raschen Entwicklung der regionalen Governance der letzten 30 Jahren.

Qualitative methods in political science is in the midst of a third wave of research. The first wave consisted of works on case study and comparative methodology from the late 1960s and 1970s (e.g., Smelser 1967; Verba 1967; Przeworski and Teune 1970; Sartori 1970; Lijphart 1971; Campbell 1975; Eckstein 1975; George 1979). Another outpouring of work occurred in the aftermath of the publication of King, Keohane, and Verba's Designing Social Inquiry (1994). Reactions to that work helped to spur a second wave of qualitative methodology that includes Mahoney and Rueschemeyer (2003), Brady and Collier (2004), George and Bennett (2005), Goertz (2005), Gerring (2007). Now, a new surge of publications on qualitative methods is taking place, as witnessed by this symposium of five new books (which are only a part of many new publications on qualitative methods). Yet it remains an open question whether this new work represents an amplification of themes from the second wave or a departure toward new issues.

In A Tale of Two Cultures, we propose that the qualitative and quantitative research traditions are associated with distinctive procedures and practices as well as contrasting values, beliefs, and norms -- that is, they are distinct cultures. Like most cultures, they are loosely integrated, internally contested, and ever changing. Nevertheless, they feature many important and readily identifiable differences. In the 14 chapters of the book, we explore these differences through a series of short (i.e., about 10-12 pages) essays that address specific methodological topics. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Inc., copyright holder.]