Suchergebnisse

Das Vertrauen, das sich Menschen entgegenbringen, bildet das Sozialkapital. Es schlägt sich in Regeln, Institutionen und politischen Erwartungen nieder. Diese sind in Russland nicht überall gleich, denn das Land ist kein einheitlicher politischer und sozioökonomischer Raum. Vielmehr handelt es sich um eine Ansammlung von Enklaven. Drei Typen von Sozialkapital lassen sich unterscheiden. Das moderne in den Millionenstädten europäisiert sich rapide. Das prämoderne im ländlichen Raum degradiert. Von ihm gehen keine politischen Impulse aus. Die Zukunft Russlands wird sich im antimodernen Segment entscheiden. Es ist von der sowjetischen Wirtschaftsstruktur und den Werten am stärksten geprägt. Diese Sowjetmenschen, russische Nationalisten und orthodoxe Fundamentalisten bilden die soziale Basis des Putin-Regimes. Die autoritäre Ordnung versucht, jeden Ansatz von Wandel zu unterdrücken. Doch im antimodernen Segment brauen sich soziale Konflikte zusammen. (Osteuropa (Berlin) / SWP)

One of the theoretically necessary tasks of post-Soviet society research which constitute the problem core of the research project «The Soviet Man» (1989-2009) should be considered the development of conceptual connections between the construction «Homo soveticus» and the constructions of its reproduction. The findings of empirical surveys that have been carried out during 20 years make us revise and reveal non-worked out points and weaknesses of conceptual apparatus of analysis and interpretation of the data got. One of the most important problems among them is to clarify the process of «the Soviet man» socialization, the ways in which the reproduction of this type of man is carried out in the situations of particular institutional structures decay. After a short review of the history of the question about the nature of «the Soviet man» and his ideal typical pattern in the works of Yu.Levada the author examines the structure of the concept «social institution » drawing special attention to reproduction functions of an institution and to the differences in institutional trust in Western democratic societies and in Russia where after the collapse of the Soviet system authoritarian regime has established. It is necessary to do for turning again to the problems of «the Soviet man» reproduction and peculiarities of socialization processes under post-Soviet conditions taking into account the revealed differences of formal and informal relations in post-Soviet Russia.

The Prague Spring, the intervention of Warsaw Pact troops in Czechoslovakia, & the suppression of the democratization process, which was connected with the rejection of "Socialism with a human face" & later the idea of Socialism itself, have left hardly any traces on Russian public opinion. Not only does this give expression to specific shortcomings in Soviet society, where there was neither a free press, nor a free public, but totalitarian propaganda instead. The far-reaching repression of the memory of Prague '68 & its consequences also have something to do with the fact that an imperial attitude still persists in broad segments of the population. Adapted from the source document.