Suchergebnisse

Evaluates the character of the extreme right-wing Front National's (FN) support & policy appeal as well as the outlook for further success in France. In terms of the FN voters' sociological profile, more men than women support the party, more FN votes came from larger towns than from small, the working-class showed far more support than other classes, & the lower-middle-class electorate was also biased toward FN, those aged 50-64 supported FN more than other age groups, & the FN exhibits voter fidelity. The development of the FN's program & policies is traced since its 1972 formation. It began as anticommunist & subsequently turned to immigration control as part of its program. Further, it has adopted a Euro-skeptical stance that goes hand in hand with its suspicions of the World Trade Organization, NATO, the UN, & globalization in general. The FN's ascendancy is linked to the legitimacy afforded by alliance with the mainstream Right, & its continuing national-populist appeal is seen to lie in its policy stances on security, immigration, unemployment, & values. In addition, having never been in national-level office means the FN has no government record to defend, while a crisis of representation has fostered popular dissatisfaction & disillusionment with the status quo. A key constraint to the FN is its lack of credibility connected to the viewed that it is not a "party of government." Jean-Marie Le Pen's 2002 success might mark the limit of the party's support, & at age 74, Le Pen's capacity to lead the FN comes under question. However, there is no proof that the FN would not flourish without him. In addition, the voting system constrains the FN as it makes it nearly impossible to convert its votes into National Assembly seats. The FN's continued success is seen to lie in three factors: (1) what happens after Le Pen, (2) the success of the French Right under Jacques Chirac, & (3) the impact of continental & global issues. 32 References. J. Zendejas

This thesis explores the use of the planning system for providing affordable housing in London. It examines the way in which London borough councils have utilised the planning system in order to maximise affordable housing completions. It particular, it considers the way in which 'payments in lieu' (PiL) have contributed to the supply of affordable accommodation. This thesis assesses the planning policy framework for affordable housing provision in London. It also investigates past and current borough practices in respect of the implementation of these policies. This analysis includes an appraisal of the quantitative outputs of the planning system, including the particular contributions that have been forthcoming from PiL finances. The primary research for this thesis comprises a questionnaire survey of the thirty-three London boroughs and a number of case study planning applications involving PiL agreements. In addition, a range of secondary data sources are used in the analysis and evaluation, including Government 'Housing Investment Programme' (HIP) data. The findings of this thesis are considered in the light of the contemporary debate regarding the future of the system of planning obligations in the UK. The benefits and disadvantages of the current approach to seeking affordable housing provision through the planning system are evaluated within this wider context. This leads into an assessment of the various alternative policy approaches that could be adopted by the Government in relation to planning obligations, with particular reference to the issue of affordable housing contributions.

Hainsworth reviews 'The New Asia-Pacific Order' edited by Chan Heng Chee.

'New Xenophobia in Europe' edited by Bernd Baumgartl and Adrian Favell is reviewed.

Reviews books, pamphlets, and reports on Indonesia's 1975 invasion and subsequent human rights abuses, Timorese independence movements, UN role, and related topics.

'The French National Front: The Extremist Challenge to Democracy' by Harvey G. Simmons is reviewed.