Suchergebnisse

Grundlage der Studie sind Ergebnisse einer Untersuchung über die Möglichkeiten und Bedingungen von Sterbebegleitung und hospizlicher Arbeit in Krankenhäusern. Die Verfasser beschreiben die Situation der Sterbenden anhand der Befragung von Ärzten und Pflegekräften, die mit Sterbenden professionell zu tun haben. Dabei wird den Fragen nachgegangen, in welchem Maße die Befragten über Ansätze und Inhalte zeitgemäßer Sterbebegleitung respektive Hospizarbeit informiert sind, inwieweit sich diese Ansätze unter den Bedingungen eines Krankenhausalltags überhaupt umsetzen lassen und inwieweit sie in ihrer jeweiligen Ausbildung bzw. in ihrem Studium auf den Umgang mit Sterbenden vorbereitet wurden. Es wird gezeigt, dass die Ärzte und Pflegekräfte wissen, dass die Aufgabe, Patienten beim Sterben zu begleiten, sie unter den gegebenen Ausbildungs- und Arbeitsbedingungen überfordert. Die Ausbildungen in der Medizin und den Pflegeberufen passen sich zwar auf lange Sicht den Erfordernissen des Umgangs mit Tod und Sterben an, aber die strukturellen Gegebenheiten eines Krankenhauses sind nicht in vergleichbarer Weise anzupassen (Schichtdienst, häufig wechselndes Personal etc.). Die befragten Ärzte und Pflegekräfte formulieren auch klare Wünsche an die Hospizbewegung, die sich notwendig aus der Struktur von Institutionen wie Krankenhäusern ergeben. (ICG2)

AIMS OF THE STUDY Vaccination is regarded as the most promising response to the COVID-19 pandemic. We assessed opinions about COVID-19 vaccination, willingness to be vaccinated, and reasons for vaccination hesitancy among healthcare workers. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional, web-based survey among 3,793 healthcare workers in December 2020 in the Canton of Solothurn, Switzerland, before the start of the national COVID-19 vaccination campaign. RESULTS Median age was 43 years (interquartile range [IQR] 31-53), 2,841 were female (74.9%). A total of 1,511 healthcare workers (39.8%) reported willingness to accept vaccination, whereas 1,114 (29.4%) were unsure and 1,168 (30.8%) would decline vaccination. Among medical doctors, 76.1% were willing, whereas only 27.8% of nurses expressed willingness. Among the 1,168 healthcare workers who would decline vaccination, 1,073 (91.9%) expressed concerns about vaccine safety and side effects. The willingness of healthcare workers to be vaccinated was associated with older age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.97, 95% confidence interval [Cl] 1.71-2.27) and having been vaccinated for influenza this year (aOR 2.70, 95% Cl 2.20-3.31). Healthcare workers who reported a lack of confidence in government were less likely to be willing to be vaccinated (aOR 0.58, 95% Cl 0.40-0.84), and women were less willing to be vaccinated than men (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.28-0.38). CONCLUSION Less than half of healthcare workers reported willingness to be vaccinated before the campaign start, but proportions varied greatly depending on profession and workplace. Strategies with clear and objective messages that particularly address the concerns of healthcare workers are needed if their willingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19 is to be further increased.

Science and technologies based on terahertz frequency electromagnetic radiation (100 GHz–30 THz) have developed rapidly over the last 30 years. For most of the 20th Century, terahertz radiation, then referred to as sub-millimeter wave or far-infrared radiation, was mainly utilized by astronomers and some spectroscopists. Following the development of laser based terahertz time-domain spectroscopy in the 1980s and 1990s the field of THz science and technology expanded rapidly, to the extent that it now touches many areas from fundamental science to 'real world' applications. For example THz radiation is being used to optimize materials for new solar cells, and may also be a key technology for the next generation of airport security scanners. While the field was emerging it was possible to keep track of all new developments, however now the field has grown so much that it is increasingly difficult to follow the diverse range of new discoveries and applications that are appearing. At this point in time, when the field of THz science and technology is moving from an emerging to a more established and interdisciplinary field, it is apt to present a roadmap to help identify the breadth and future directions of the field. The aim of this roadmap is to present a snapshot of the present state of THz science and technology in 2017, and provide an opinion on the challenges and opportunities that the future holds. To be able to achieve this aim, we have invited a group of international experts to write 18 sections that cover most of the key areas of THz science and technology. We hope that The 2017 Roadmap on THz science and technology will prove to be a useful resource by providing a wide ranging introduction to the capabilities of THz radiation for those outside or just entering the field as well as providing perspective and breadth for those who are well established. We also feel that this review should serve as a useful guide for government and funding agencies.