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Argues that the 1980s reform programs launched by Deng Xiaoping & Mikhail Gorbachev were prompted by structural factors that slowed the economies of China & Russia, respectively, but the reforms shifted in directions influenced by the dynamics of the concomitant ideological & political-cultural changes. Drawing on surveys & content analysis of reform leader writings, focus is on the official discourse & an analysis of the rhetoric of the political strategies & their philosophical underpinnings. D. Edelman

Hua reviews INKLINGS OF DEMOCRACY IN CHINA by Suzanne Ogden.

The introductory chapter surveys modern Chinese culture in terms of three major transformations: the 100-Day Reform, the Communist ascendancy led by Mao, & Deng's reforms. The book's chief points of inquiry include the conceptualization of Chinese political culture & its distinctive features compared to other cultures; examination of the extent of cultural homogeneity & heterogeneity; & the need for an appropriately diverse methodology. The book is organized according to the topics of tradition, socialization, & comparative studies; the contents of each chapter are briefly summarized. 35 References. K. Coddon