Introduction: Since 2006, the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) has provided policy research and capacity-strengthening support to guide the planning and implementation of the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP). Endorsed in 2003 by African heads of state and government, CAADP is a continentwide framework for accelerating growth and progress toward poverty reduction and food and nutrition security through an agriculture-led growth strategy. As part of IFPRI's support to CAADP, the Regional Strategic Analysis and Knowledge Support System (ReSAKSS) was established in 2006 to provide policy-relevant analysis, data, and tools necessary to support the formulation and implementation of evidence-based agricultural-sector policies and strategies, as well as to facilitate CAADP policy dialogue, peer review, benchmarking, and mutual learning processes. ReSAKSS is facilitated by IFPRI in partnership with Africa-based CGIAR centers, the African Union Commission (AUC), the NEPAD Planning and Coordinating Agency (NPCA), and leading regional economic communities (RECs) ; Non-PR ; IFPRI1; ReSAKSS; AGRODEP; C Improving markets and trade; D Transforming Agriculture; F Strengthening institutions and governance; Capacity Strengthening ; DSGD; AFR
Introduction Depuis 2006, l'Institut International de Recherche sur les Politiques Alimentaires (IFPRI) soutient la recherche sur les politiques et le renforcement des capacités pour guider la planification et la mise en oeuvre du Programme Détaillé de Développement de l'Agriculture en Afrique (PDDAA). Approuvé en 2003 par les chefs d'État et de gouvernement africains, le PDDAA est un cadre continental d'accélération de la croissance et des progrès vers la réduction de la pauvreté ainsi que l'accès à la sécurité alimentaire et nutritionnelle grâce à une stratégie de croissance axée sur l'agriculture. Le Système Régional d'Analyse Stratégique et de Gestion des Connaissances (ReSAKSS) a été créé en 2006 dans le cadre du soutien de l'IFPRI au PDDAA. Il fournit des analyses, des données et des outils pertinents nécessaires à la formulation et à la mise en oeuvre de politiques et de stratégies du secteur agricole fondées sur des données probantes et permettant de faciliter le dialogue politique, la revue par les pairs, l'analyse comparative et les processus d'apprentissage mutuel du PDDAA. Le ReSAKSS est facilité par l'IFPRI, en partenariat avec les centres du CGIAR basés en Afrique, la Commission de l'Union Africaine (CUA), l'Agence de Planification et de Coordination du NEPAD (APCN) et les principales Communautés Economiques Régionales (CER). ; Non-PR ; IFPRI1; ReSAKSS; AGRODEP; C Improving markets and trade; D Transforming Agriculture; F Strengthening institutions and governance; Capacity Strengthening ; DSGD; AFR
Growing international commitment to sustainable development goals and notable progress in addressing food security—reflected in historically low levels of poverty and hunger in many developing countries—marked 2016. These successes are building momentum as the world seeks to end hunger and malnutrition. IFPRI is proud to contribute to progress toward these vital global goals. 2016 was the first year of implementation of the ambitious UN Sustainable Development Goals. At the ministerial-level OECD Meeting of the Committee for Agriculture, IFPRI Director General Shenggen Fan argued that improvements in the global food system will play a key role in achieving the SDGs. The 2016 Global Food Policy Report focused on reshaping the global food system to make it efficient, climate resilient, sustainable, nutrition- and health-driven, and business friendly, as means to meet these goals. The report's signature chapter, written in collaboration with IFAD President Kanayo Nwanze, highlights the critical role that smallholders can play both in improving food security and in addressing the challenge of climate change. The 22nd United Nations Conference of the Parties (COP22) in Marrakech marked the entry into force of the Paris Agreement on climate change. At the conference, IFPRI researchers conveyed the critical role of food systems in climate change, new projections on the impact of climate change on food security, and the need to invest in climate-smart agriculture. Nutrition has also been in the spotlight. As part of the United Nations Decade of Action on Nutrition and in follow-up to the Second International Conference on Nutrition (ICN2), IFPRI participated in the International Symposium on Sustainable Food Systems for Healthy Diets and Improved Nutrition, which explored options for shaping food systems to deliver nutritious food for healthy diets. At the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting in Davos, IFPRI hosted an event on how to fill the global and national data gap on nutrition. IFPRI published the 2016 Global Nutrition Report, highlighting progress toward and obstacles to better nutrition, and Nourishing Millions: Stories of Change, which recounts success stories in improving nutrition around the world. The annual meeting and report of ReSAKSS, an Africa-wide program supporting rural development, focused on achieving a nutrition revolution in Africa. ; Non-PR ; IFPRI1 ; DGO; DSGD; MTID; PHND; EPTD; WCAO; ESAO; SAO
Since 2006, the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) has provided policy research and capacity strengthening support to guide the planning and implementation of the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP). Endorsed in 2003 by African heads of state and government, CAADP is a continentwide framework for accelerating growth and progress toward poverty reduction and food and nutrition security through an agriculture-led growth strategy. ; Non-PR ; IFPRI1; ReSAKSS; AGRODEP; C Improving markets and trade; D Transforming Agriculture; F Strengthening institutions and governance; Capacity Strengthening ; WCAO; ESAO
TO BE EFFECTIVE, COMMITMENTS TO ACTION MUST BE IMPLEMENTED AND ENFORCED. THE IMPLEMENTATION OF POLICIES AND INTERVENTIONS DEPENDS on converting political commitment to practical action. How are governments and other stakeholders doing in implementing policies and interventions that reflect commitment? ; PR ; IFPRI1; CRP4; B Promoting healthy food systems ; A4NH; PHND ; CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH)
AS DISCUSSED IN CHAPTER 1, SETTING TARGETS IS ONE MANIFESTATION OF POLITICAL COMMITMENT. COUNTRIES HAVE ALREADY MADE A SERIES OF COMMITMENTS TO ATTAIN global nutrition targets by 2025 (Panel 2.1). For maternal, infant, and young child nutrition, the 2012 World Health Assembly (WHA) set six targets for 2025. The Global Nutrition Report tracks five of these.1 The WHA also agreed on nine noncommunicable disease (NCD) targets, one of which—"Halt the rise in diabetes and obesity"—is tracked in this report via three indicators. In all, we use eight nutrition status indicators to track six of the targets. ; PR ; IFPRI1; CRP4; B Promoting healthy food systems ; A4NH; PHND ; CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH)
THROUGH THE WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY (WHA), COUNTRIES HAVE SIGNED ONTO GLOBAL NUTRITION TARGETS, AND AS CHAPTER 2 SHOWS, ONE WAY to track countries' progress is to apply these global targets to the national level. Yet targets that countries set for themselves are likely to be more effective tools for promoting accountability. By definition, these self-generated targets have greater government buy-in and ownership than those set from outside the country. And these targets are most useful for accountability when they are SMART (that is, specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time bound). ; PR ; IFPRI1; CRP4; B Promoting healthy food systems ; A4NH; PHND ; CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH)
COMMITMENT WITHOUT FUNDING REPRESENTS UNFULFILLED GOOD INTENTIONS. IF NUTRITION-PROMOTING ACTIONS ARE TO BE IMPLEMENTED AND TARGETS MET, they need to be financed. Financing for nutrition comes from governments (domestic), from international sources—the bilateral and multilateral aid agencies and foundations that make up the "donor" community—and from people themselves. ; PR ; IFPRI1; CRP4; B Promoting healthy food systems ; A4NH; PHND ; CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH)
As part of IFPRI's support to CAADP, the Regional Strategic Analysis and Knowledge Support System (ReSAKSS) was established in 2006 to provide policy-relevant analysis, data, and tools necessary to support the formulation and implementation of evidence-based agricultural-sector policies and strategies, as well as to facilitate CAADP policy dialogue, peer review, benchmarking, and mutual learning processes. ReSAKSS is facilitated by IFPRI in partnership with Africa-based CGIAR centers, the African Union Commission (AUC), the NEPAD Planning and Coordinating Agency (NPCA), and leading regional economic communities. ; Non-PR ; IFPRI1; ReSAKSS; AGRODEP; C Improving markets and trade; D Transforming Agriculture; F Strengthening institutions and governance; Capacity Strengthening ; WCAO; ESAO
Brazil, Rwanda, and Vietnam implemented forward-looking policies that led to their improved food security and nutrition. Alongside strong agricultural productivity growth, high profitability, and improved nutrition, these countries attracted private sector investment along the entire food value chain. The presence of strong partnerships contributed to this success. Governmentled initiatives were complemented with collaborations that led to improvements, including, for example, climate-smart approaches to agricultural production. Further, food system transformations in these countries contributed to significant reductions in hunger and undernutrition. These transformations did not happen without setbacks, however; a common challenge was the issue of inclusive land rights, especially for small farmers. This document describes food system transformations in Brazil, Rwanda, and Vietnam by comparing several aspects of the food system—including interventions in land tenure, nutrition, and finance— against the backdrop of each country's political economy. It also discusses remaining and emerging challenges in each country. These case studies present a variety of context-specific approaches that could provide lessons for other countries and help pave the way to a transformed global food system. ; Non-PR ; IFPRI1; compact2025; Rwanda SSP ; DGO
As we move into the era of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the world faces many seemingly intractable problems. Malnutrition should not be one of them. Countries that are determined to make rapid advances in malnutrition reduction can do so. If governments want to achieve the SDG target of ending all forms of malnutrition by 2030, they have clear pathways to follow. There are many levers to pull, and this report provides abundant examples of countries that have done so. ; PR ; IFPRI1; CRP4; B Promoting healthy food systems ; DGO; A4NH; PHND ; CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH)
As we move into the post-2015 era of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the world faces many seemingly intractable problems. Malnutrition should not be one of them. Countries that are determined to make rapid advances in malnutrition reduction can do so. If governments want to achieve the SDG target of ending all forms of malnutrition by 2030, they have clear pathways to follow. There are many levers to pull, and this report provides many examples of countries that have done so. Tackling malnutrition effectively is also key to meeting many other SDG targets. Good nutrition signals the realization of people's rights to food and health. It reflects a narrowing of the inequalities in our world. Without good nutrition, human beings cannot achieve their full potential. When people's nutrition status improves, it helps break the intergenerational cycle of poverty, generates broad-based economic growth, and leads to a host of benefits for individuals, families, communities, and countries. Good nutrition provides both a foundation for human development and the scaffolding needed to ensure it reaches its full potential. Good nutrition, in short, is an essential driver of sustainable development. ; Supplementary Online Materials. xvii Acknowledgments. xviii Abbreviations.xx Executive Summary.xxi Chapter 1 Introduction.2 Chapter 2 Assessing Progress against Nutrition Status Targets.9 Chapter 3 Progress against Nutrition for Growth Commitments.27 Chapter 4 Tracking Actions to Address Malnutrition in All Its Forms.39 Chapter 5 Scaling Up Financial and Capacity Resources for Nutrition.58 Chapter 6 Climate Change and Nutrition.75 Chapter 7 Indicators for Nutrition-Friendly and Sustainable Food Systems.85 Chapter 8 Strengthening Accountability for Business in Nutrition.97 Chapter 9 Strengthening Accountability: Lessons from Inside and Outside Nutrition.107 Chapter 10 Ten Calls to Action to Increase Accountability for Nutrition Actions.120 Appendix 1 Progress in Meeting Nutrition Status Targets.126 Appendix 2 Progress in Meeting Nutrition for Growth Commitments.144 Appendix 3 Scaling Up Financial and Capacity Resources for Nutrition.148 Notes.154 References.157 ; PR ; IFPRI1; CRP4; B Promoting healthy food systems ; DGO; A4NH; PHND ; CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH)
To hold governments and other national stakeholders accountable for their actions to improve nutrition, it is critical to track their progress in implementing interventions, programs, and policies. This chapter reviews the degree to which these stakeholders have implemented actions to reduce malnutrition in all its forms. It also reviews some of the tools available to track implementation. ; PR ; IFPRI1; CRP4; B Promoting healthy food systems ; DGO; A4NH; PHND ; CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH)
As part of IFPRI's support to CAADP, the Regional Strategic Analysis and Knowledge Support System (ReSAKSS) was established in 2006 to provide policy-relevant analysis, data, and tools necessary to support the formulation and implementation of evidence-based agricultural-sector policies and strategies, as well as to facilitate CAADP policy dialogue, peer review, benchmarking, and mutual learning processes. ReSAKSS is facilitated by IFPRI in partnership with Africa-based CGIAR centers, the African Union Commission (AUC), the NEPAD Planning and Coordinating Agency (NPCA), and leading regional economic communities. ; Non-PR ; IFPRI1; ReSAKSS; AGRODEP; C Improving markets and trade; D Transforming Agriculture; F Strengthening institutions and governance; Capacity Strengthening ; WCAO; ESAO
A boa nutrição é o sustentáculo do bem-estar humano. Boa nutrição antes do nascimento e ao longo da infância permite que o cérebro funcione e evolua sem problemas e que os sistemas imunológicos se desenvolvam com mais vigor. Para as crianças pequenas, um nível de boa nutrição afasta a morte e prepara o corpo para crescer e desenvolver todo o seu potencial. No decorrer da vida humana, a boa nutrição leva a melhor aproveitamento escolar, mães mais bem alimentadas que dão à luz crianças mais bem nutridas, e adultos que tem maior probabilidade de serem produtivos e receber salários melhores. Durante a meia-idade, a boa nutrição origina metabolismos melhor preparados para proteger contra doenças associadas a mudanças na dieta e atividade física. Sem uma boa nutrição as vidas e meios de vida das pessoas são como que construídos em areia movediça. ; Supplementary Online Materials ix Acknowledgments x Abbreviations xii Executive summary xiii Chapter 1 ntroduction 2 Chapter 2 Nutrition Is Central to Sustainable Development 7 Chapter 3 Progress toward the World Health Assembly Nutrition Targets Is Too Slow1 5 Chapter 4 The Coexistence of Different Forms of Malnutrition Is the "New Normal" 22 Chapter 5 The Coverage of Nutrition-Specific Interventions Needs to Improve 29 Chapter 6 Interventions Addressing the Underlying Determinants of Nutrition Status Are Important, but They Need to Be More Nutrition sensitive 38 Chapter 7 The Enabling Environment Is Improving, but Not Quickly Enough 47 Chapter 8 The Need to Strengthen Accountability in Nutrition 56 Chapter 9 What Are the Priorities for Investment in Improved Nutrition Data? 67 Chapter 10 Key Messages and Recommendations 71 Appendix 1 The Nutrition Country Profile: A Tool for Action 75 Appendix 2 Which Countries Are on Course to Meet Several WHA Targets? 77 Appendix 3 Which Countries Are on Course for Which WHA Targets? 79 Appendix 4 Donor Spending on Nutrition-Specific and Nutrition-Sensitive Interventions and Programs 84 Appendix 5 How Accountable Is the Global Nutrition Report? 86 Appendix 6 Availability of Data for Nutrition Country Profile Indicators 88 Notes 91 References 95 PANELS Panel 11 Types of Nutrition Investment, Lawrence Haddad 4 Panel 21 Nutrition and the Sustainable Development Goals—No Room for Complacency, Michael Anderson 11 Panel 22 Some New Data from India: What If?, Lawrence Haddad, Komal Bhatia, and Kamilla Eriksen 12 Panel 23 How Did Maharashtra Cut Child Stunting?, Lawrence Haddad 13 Panel 24 Can Improving the Underlying Determinants of Nutrition Help Meet the WHA Targets?, Lisa Smith and Lawrence Haddad 14 Panel 41 Malnutrition in the United States and United Kingdom, Jessica Fanzo 25 Panel 42 Regional Drivers of Malnutrition in Indonesia, Endang Achadi with acknowledgment to Sudarno Sumarto and Taufik Hidayat 26 Panel 43 Compiling District-Level Nutrition Data in India, Purnima Menon and Shruthi Cyriac 27 Panel 44 Targeting Minority Groups at Risk in the United States, Jennifer Requejo and Joel Gittelsohn 28 Panel 51 Measuring Coverage of Programs to Treat Severe Acute Malnutrition, Jose Luis Alvarez 37 Panel 61 Trends in Dietary Quality among Adults in the United States, Daniel Wang and Walter Willett 41 Panel 62 How Did Bangladesh Reduce Stunting So Rapidly?, Derek Headey 43 Panel 63 Using an Agricultural Platform in Burkina Faso to Improve Nutrition during the First 1,000 Days, Deanna Kelly Olney, Andrew Dillon, Abdoulaye Pedehombga, Marcellin Ouédraogo, and Marie Ruel 45 Panel 71 Is There a Better Way to Track Nutrition Spending? 48 Panel 72 Tracking Financial Allocations to Nutrition: Guatemala's Experience, Jesús Bulux, Otto Velasquez, Cecibel Juárez, Carla Guillén, and Fernando Arriola 49 Panel 73 A Tool for Assessing Government Progress on Creating Healthy Food Environments, Boyd Swinburn 51 Panel 74 Engaging Food and Beverage Companies through the Access to Nutrition Index, Inge Kauer 52 Panel 75 How Brazil Cut Child Stunting and Improved Breastfeeding Practices, Jennifer Requejo 54 Panel 81 Scaling Up Nutrition through Business, Jonathan Tench 61 Panel 82 How Civil Society Organizations Build Commitment to Nutrition, Claire Blanchard 62 Panel 83 Building Civil Society's Capacity to Push for Policies on Obesity and Noncommunicable Diseases, Corinna Hawkes 63 Panel 84 Can Community Monitoring Enhance Accountability for Nutrition?, Nick Nisbett and Dolf te Lintelo 64 Panel 85 National Evaluation Platforms: Potential for Nutrition, Jennifer Bryce and colleagues 65 Panel 86 The State of African Nutrition Data for Accountability and Learning, Carl Lachat, Joyce Kinabo, Eunice Nago, Annamarie Kruger, and Patrick Kolsteren 66 ; PR ; IFPRI1; CRP4; B Promoting healthy food systems ; DGO; A4NH; PHND ; CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH)
