Suchergebnisse

The First Civilizations And The Rise Of Empires -- Ancient India -- China In Antiquity -- The Civilization Of The Greeks -- The Roman World Empire -- The Americas -- Ferment In The Middle East: The Rise Of Islam -- Early Civilizations In Africa -- The Expansion Of Civilization In South And Southeast Asia -- The Flowering Of Traditional China -- The East Asian Rimlands: Early Japan, Korea, And Vietnam -- The Making Of Europe -- The Byzantine Empire And Crisis And Recovery In The West -- New Encounters: The Creation Of A World Market -- Europe Transformed: Reform And State Building -- The Muslim Empires -- The East Asian World -- The West On The Eve Of A New World Order.

This case study examines differences between how the animal‐behavior‐research fields of ethology and sociobiology account for female ornamental traits. I address three questions: 1) Why were female traits noted in early animal‐behavior writings but not systematically studied like male traits? 2) Why did ethology attend to female signals before sexual‐selection studies did? 3) And why didn't sexual‐selection researchers cite the earlier ethological literature when they began studying female traits? To answer these questions, I turn to feminist and other science‐studies scholars and philosophers of science. My main framework is provided by Bruno Latour, whose model I position within relevant feminist critique (Latour 1999). This approach provides an interactive account of how scientific knowledge develops. I argue that this embedded approach provides a more compelling reading of the relationship between gender and science than does focusing on androcentric biases. My overall aim is to counter arguments by some feminist biologists that feminist tools should emphasize the correction and removal of biases, and to address their fears that more rigorous critiques would lead to relativism or otherwise remove science as a tool for feminist use.