Suchergebnisse

In anticipation of the then forthcoming Tri-Agency Research Data Management Policy, a consortium of professionals from Canadian university libraries surveyed researchers on their research data management (RDM) practices, attitudes, and interest in data management services. Data collected from three surveys targeting researchers in science and engineering, humanities and social sciences, and health sciences and medicine were compiled to create a national dataset. The present study is the first large-scale survey investigating researcher RDM practices in Canada, and one of the few recent multi-institutional and multidisciplinary surveys on this topic. This article presents the results of the survey to assess researcher readiness to meet RDM policy requirements, namely the preparation of data management plans (DMPs) and data deposit in a digital repository. The survey results also highlight common trends across the country while revealing differences in practices and attitudes between disciplines. Based on our survey results, most researchers would have to change their RDM behaviors to meet Tri-Agency RDM policy requirements. The data we gathered provides insights that can help institutions prioritize service development and infrastructure that will meet researcher needs. ; En prévision de la future Politique des trois organismes sur la gestion des données de recherche, un consortium de professionnels des bibliothèques universitaires canadiennes a interrogé des chercheurs sur leurs pratiques et leurs attitudes en matière de gestion des données de recherche (GDR) et sur leur intérêt pour les services de gestion des données. Des données recueillies de trois sondages ciblant les chercheurs en sciences et en génie, en sciences humaines et sociales ainsi qu'en sciences de la santé et en médecine ont été compilées pour créer un ensemble de données national. Cette étude est la première enquête à grande échelle sur les pratiques de GDR des chercheurs au Canada et est l'une des rares enquêtes récentes ...

AbstractBackgroundTo encourage self‐determination and address health disparities among persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities, clinicians and researchers rely on self‐reported measures like health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). This study evaluated the psychometric properties of a theory‐driven self‐reported HRQoL measure for adults requiring mild to moderate support related to intellectual and developmental disabilities.Method224 volunteers completed 42 quality of life items developed with extensive input from persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities, family members/caregivers, and providers. The 5‐point Likert scale format with visual images of fluid‐filled cups represented the range of responses.ResultsExploratory and Unrestricted Factor Analyses yielded 16 HRQoL items with 4 subscales: Functional Well‐Being, Emotional Well‐Being, Social Well‐Being, and Healthy Decision‐making. The HRQoL‐IDD explained 62.8% of variance, had satisfactory internal consistency (0.73–0.83), stability of reponses, and reading level (2nd grade, ages 7‐8).ConclusionsThe HRQoL‐IDD is a promising measure of self‐reported HRQoL for use in community‐based settings for persons requiring mild to moderate support related to intellectual and developmental disabilities.

ABSTRACTFrom 2018 to 2020, U.S. federal mandates began requiring the use of a single institutional review board (sIRB) of record for federally funded, multisite studies. With an interest in the efficiency of site activation, we compared the frequency with which local review and approval and three different reliance options (ways to establish a reliance agreement between the sIRB and the relying institution) were used during this period in a multisite, non‐federally funded study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03928548). Using general linear models, we analyzed the relationships between local reliance or approval and sIRB of record approval times and (a) the regulatory option selected and (b) relying‐site and process characteristics. Eighty‐five sites received sIRB approval through 72 submissions (40% using local review, 46% using the SMART IRB agreement, 10% using an IRB authorization agreement, and 4% using a letter of support). Median time to establish a local reliance or study approval and sIRB approval were longest for sites using a SMART IRB agreement. Study‐site region and the time of submission were significantly associated with local reliance or approval time, which averaged 129 and 107 days faster for Midwestern (p = 0.03) or Western (p = 0.02) sites, respectively, and 70 days slower for Northeastern sites (p = 0.42) compared with sites in the South, and 91 days slower when regulatory communication was initiated during or after February 2019 compared with before (p = 0.02). Similar relationships between sIRB approval time and region and time frame were observed; in addition, approval time was 103 days slower for sites affiliated with a research 1 (R1) university versus not (p = 0.02). Region of the country, time frame, and R1 university affiliation were associated with variations in study‐site activation in a non‐federally funded, multisite study.

Obtaining informed consent for bloodspot research from newborn screening is particularly challenging due to the hectic environment of the postnatal period and the relatively abstract nature of future, unspecified research on the biospecimens. A randomized controlled trial was conducted in three Michigan hospitals to compare two different consent processes (video and interactive tablet "app") with standard brochure-based consent in the Michigan BioTrust for Health. Results indicated higher knowledge scores for the video and app groups as well as significantly higher scores on satisfaction, amount of information, and clarity with the information provided. More research is needed to find the right amount of information for informed decision-making, and additional feasibility studies are needed to assess implementation strategies.

"RAND Arroyo Center was asked by U.S. Army Cyber Command's G35 office to develop and document an Army strategy for providing cyber support to corps and below, which is synonymous with tactical cyber operations. This report describes how the Army should use available resources to achieve the mission objectives inherent to tactical cyber operations. Cyber operations are increasingly important to the Army and other services' ability to seamlessly incorporate actions in cyberspace with activities in traditional warfighting domains (land, air, maritime, and space). This report proposes a strategy for tactical Army cyber operations, enumerating overarching goals, objectives, and associated activities. As part of this strategy, the authors describe what the Army, as an institution, needs to do to realize a vision for tactical cyber operations. In addition, this report discusses the incorporation and use of offensive cyber operations, specifically at the tactical level."--Publisher's description