Suchergebnisse

Climate is a soil-forming factor and soil can mitigate climate change through a reduction in the emissions of greenhouse gases and sequestration of atmospheric CO2. Thus, there is a growing interest in soil management practices capable of mitigating climate change and enhancing environmental quality. Soil and Climate addresses global issues through soil management and outlines strategies for advancing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This volume in the Advances in Soil Science series is specifically devoted to describe state-of-the-knowledge regarding the climate–soil nexus in relation to:Soil Processes: weathering, decomposition of organic matter, erosion, leaching, salinization, biochemical, transformations, gaseous flux, and elemental cycling,Soil Properties: physical, chemical, biological, and ecological,Atmospheric Chemistry: gaseous concentrations of (CO2, CH4, N2O), water vapors, soot, dust, and particulate matter,Mitigation and Adaptation: source and sink of GHGs (CO2, CH4, N2O), land use and soil management, soil C sink capacity, permafrost,Soil Management: sequestration of organic and inorganic C, nutrient requirements, water demands, coupled cycling of H2O, N, P, S, andPolicy and Outreach: carbon farming, payments for ecosystem services, COP21, SDGs, land degradation neutralitySpecial topics on soil as a source or sink of CO2, silicate weathering and carbon sequestration, nutrients required for carbon sequestration, physical protection and the mean resident time, and predicting soil carbon stocks are discussed in detail throughout the book.

Chapter 1 Urban Agriculture in the 21st Century -- chapter 2 Urban Soil Mapping through the United States National Cooperative Soil Survey -- chapter 3 Changes in Soil Organic Carbon Stocks by Urbanization -- chapter 4 Drivers of Urban Soil Carbon Dynamics -- chapter 5 Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling and Ecosystem Service in Cities -- chapter 6 Urban Soil Carbon Storage -- chapter 7 Sealing Effects on Properties of Urban Soils -- chapter 8 Contaminants in Urban Soils: Bioavailability and Transfer -- chapter 9 Optimizing the Hydrologic Properties of Urban Soils -- chapter 10 Making Soils from Urban Wastes -- chapter 11 Properties of Soils Affected by Highways -- chapter 12 An Applied Hydropedological Perspective on the Rendering of Ecosystem Services from Urban Soils -- chapter 13 Biogeochemistry of Rooftop Farm Soils -- chapter 14 Managing Urban Soils for Food Production -- chapter 15 Vertical Farming Using Hydroponics and Aeroponics -- chapter 16 Soils and Waste Management in Urban India -- chapter 17 Enhancing Awareness about the Importance of Urban Soils -- chapter 18 Feeding Megacities by Urban Agriculture.

"Nitrous oxide gas is a long-lived relatively active greenhouse gas (GHG) with an atmospheric lifetime of approximately 120 years, and heat trapping effects about 310 times more powerful than carbon dioxide per molecule basis. It contributes about 6% of observed global warming. Nitrous oxide is not only a potent GHG, but it also plays a significant role in the depletion of stratospheric ozone. This book describes the anthropogenic sources of N2O with major emphasis on agricultural activities. It summarizes an overview of global recycling of N and the role of nitrous oxide on global warming and ozone depletion, and then focus on major source, soil borne nitrous oxide emissions. The spatial-temporal variation of soil nitrous oxide fluxes and underlying biogeochemical processes are described, as well as approaches to quantify fluxes of N2O from soils. Mitigation strategies to reduce the emissions, especially from agricultural soils, and fertilizer nitrogen sources are described in detail in the latter part of the book"--Provided by publisher

Just five years ago, it was generally believed that the number of food insecure people in the world was on continuous decline. Unfortunately, widespread soil degradation along with resistance to recommended agronomic practices, and little attempt to restore degraded soils have conspired with significant droughts (in regions that could least tolerate them) to swell the ranks of the food insecure to over a billion people. The U.N. Millennium Development Goals' intent to halve hunger by 2015 will not be realized. Food Security and Soil Quality brings together leading experts from across the world

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Table of contents -- Foreword -- Chapter 1 Role of soils for satisfying global demands as defined by the U.N. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) / Winfried E.H. Blum -- Chapter 2 How can the soil science discipline contribute most effectively to achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals? / Johan Bouma -- Chapter 3 The soil nexus and sustainable development goals / Henry Lin -- Chapter 4 Soil health and functions as a basic requirement for advancing the SDGs / Rainer Horn, Heiner Fleige, Rattan Lal and Iris Zimmermann -- Chapter 5 The role of soil management and restoration in advancing Sustainable Development Goals / David A.N. Ussiri and Rattan Lal -- Chapter 6 Soil management for advancing SDG 13 (Climate Action) / Fabrizio Albanito, Nuala Fitton and Pete Smith -- Chapter 7 Regulatory utilization of USLE/RUSLE erosion rate estimates in Uruguay: a policy coincident with the UN Sustainable Development Goals / Mario Pérez-Bidegain, Mariana Hill, Carlos Clerici, José A. Terra, Jorge Sawchik and Fernando García-Préchac -- Chapter 8 Restoring soils of Sub-Saharan Africa for achieving SDGs / A.O. Ogunkunle and V.O. Chude -- Chapter 9 The contribution of hydropedological assessments to the availability and sustainable management of water, for all (SDG#6) / Johan van Tol, Simon Lorentz, George van Zijl and Pieter le Roux -- Chapter 10 The relevance of soil structure conservation and carbon sequestration in Chilean volcanic ash soils for achieving sustainable development goals / José Dörner, Dorota Dec, Franciso Matus, Felipe Zúñiga, Iván Ordóñez and Rainer Horn -- Chapter 11 Advancing the Soil-Water-Waste Nexus approach for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals / Parvathy Chandrasekhar, Anika Reetsch, Sridhar Patra, Reza Ardakanian and Kai Schwärzel.