Carrot and Stick? Impact of a Low-Stakes School Accountability Program on Student Achievement
In: IZA Discussion Paper No. 9458
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In: IZA Discussion Paper No. 9458
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In: IZA Discussion Paper No. 11542
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In: NBER Working Paper No. w20774
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In: Journal of development economics, Band 101, S. 148-166
ISSN: 0304-3878
World Affairs Online
In: NBER Working Paper No. w20722
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Working paper
This study measures the extent to which Seoul's COVID-19 shopping coupon program affects individuals' consumption. Unlike other COVID-19-related transfer programs, the Seoul Metropolitan government provides consumption coupons depending on income. We quantify the causal effect of Seoul's program by comparing eligible and ineligible groups using a difference-in-differences method. We find that the program increased consumption by 18% while it was ongoing and by 6% afterward. We find substantial heterogeneity in the treatment effects concerning recipients' income and consumption categories.
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In: IZA Discussion Paper No. 14662
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