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Rezension von: Diamond, Jared: Collapse : how societies choose to fail or succeed. - New York/N.Y. : Viking, 2004

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Table of Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- PART I The Great Frontier: FREEDOM AND HIERARCHY IN MODERN TIMES -- Acknowledgments -- Lecture I: To 1750 -- Lecture II: From 1750 -- PART II The Human Condition: AN ECOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL VIEW -- Acknowledgments -- Microparasitism, Macroparasitism, and the Urban Transmutation -- Microparasitism, Macroparasitism, and the Commercial Transmutation -- PART III Control and Catastrophe in Human Affairs -- Notes -- Index.

Intro -- A COMPANION TO GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY -- Contents -- List of Maps -- Notes on Contributors -- Acknowledgments -- Global Environmental History: An Introduction -- What Is Environmental History? -- Global Environmental History -- PART I TIMES -- 1 Global Environmental History: The First 150,000 Years -- The Environment Shapes Paleolithic Humans and Human Affairs -- Paleolithic Humans Shape the Environment -- Neolithic Farmers Shape Themselves and Their Environments -- Conclusion -- 2 The Ancient World, c.500 BCE to 500 CE -- Periodization -- Problems of Scholarship -- Archeology -- Radiocarbon Dating -- Paleoclimatology -- Pollen Analysis -- Dendrochronology -- Environmental Factors in the Decline of Civilizations -- Conclusion: Comparative Environmental History -- 3 The Medieval World, 500 to 1500 CE -- Sixth-Century Disasters -- The Middle East -- China -- Europe -- Fourteenth-Century Disasters -- The Maya -- Conclusion -- 4 The (Modern) World since 1500 -- The Biological Old Regime, c.1500 -- The Columbian Exchange, c.1500-1600 -- European States and Colonial Empires, 1500-1800 -- The Ecological Limits of the Biological Old Regime -- The Fossil-Fuel Escape from the Biological Old Regime, 1800-1900 -- The Gap and the Making of the Third World, 1800-1900 -- The Great Departure in the Twentieth Century -- PART II PLACES -- 5 Southeast Asia in Global Environmental History -- The Southeast Asian Region -- The Natural Environment -- Natural Change Prior to the Human Presence -- The Arrival of Hominids and Humans -- Foraging and Agriculture -- Crops and Livestock -- Changing Agricultural Practice -- Wet-Rice Cultivation -- Livestock -- Forests and Forestry -- A Two-Track Pattern -- 6 Environmental History in Africa -- Continental Historiographical Challenges -- Contours of African Environmental History.

Sea and Land provides an in-depth environmental history of the Caribbean to ca. 1850, comprising a close examination of some of the central forces and characteristics that defined the region, with a coda that takes the story into the modern era. It explores the mixing, movement, and displacement of peoples and the parallel ecological mixing of animals, plants, microbes from Africa, Europe, elsewhere in the Americas, and indeed Asia. It examines first the arrival of Native American to the region and the environmental transformations that followed. It then turns to the even more dramatic changes that accompanied the arrival of Europeans and Africans in the fifteenth century. Throughout it argues that the constant arrival, dispersal, and mingling of new plants and animals gave rise to a creole ecology. Particular attention is given to the emergence of black slavery, sugarcane, and the plantation system, an unholy trinity that thoroughly transformed the region's demographic and physical landscapes and made the Caribbean a vital site in the creation of the modern western world. This volume integrates research concerning natural resources, conservation, epidemiology, and climate in a new general environmental history of the region. It makes environmental perspectives more accessible and more indispensable, to scholars and students alike, to foster both a fuller appreciation of the extent to which environmental factors shaped historical developments in the Caribbean and the extent to which human actions have transformed the biophysical environment of the region over time.

Global Interdependence provides a new account of world history from the end of World War II to the present, an era when transnational communities began to challenge the long domination of the nation-state. In this single-volume survey, leading scholars elucidate the political, economic, cultural, and environmental forces that have shaped the planet in the past sixty years.Offering fresh insight into international politics since 1945, Wilfried Loth examines how miscalculations by both the United States and the Soviet Union brought about a Cold War conflict that was not necessarily inevitable. Thomas Zeiler explains how American free-market principles spurred the creation of an entirely new economic order--a global system in which goods and money flowed across national borders at an unprecedented rate, fueling growth for some nations while also creating inequalities in large parts of the Middle East, Latin America, and Africa. From an environmental viewpoint, J. R. McNeill and Peter Engelke contend that humanity has entered a new epoch, the Anthropocene era, in which massive industrialization and population growth have become the most powerful influences upon global ecology. Petra Goedde analyzes how globalization has impacted indigenous cultures and questions the extent to which a generic culture has erased distinctiveness and authenticity. She shows how, paradoxically, the more cultures blended, the more diversified they became as well.Combining these different perspectives, volume editor Akira Iriye presents a model of transnational historiography in which individuals and groups enter history not primarily as citizens of a country but as migrants, tourists, artists, and missionaries--actors who create networks that transcend traditional geopolitical boundaries

[Campbell, K. M.; Weitz, R.]: Introduction: the methodological approach of this study and previous research on the impacts of climate change. - S. 13-22 [McNeill, J. R.]: Can history help us with global warming? - S. 23-34 [Gulledge, J.]: Three plausible scenarios of future climate change. - S. 35-54 [Podesta, J.; Ogden, P.]: Securtiy implications of climate scenario 1: expected climate change over next 30 years. - S. 55-70 [Fuerth, L.]: Security implications of climate scenario 2: severe climate change over next 30 years. - S. 71-80 [Woolsey, R. J.]: Security implications of climate scenario 3: catastrophic climate change over next 100 years. - S. 81-92 Smith, J.; Lennon, A. T. J.; Mix, D.: Setting the negotiating table : the race to replace Kyoto by 2012. - S. 93-102