Suchergebnisse

In questo saggio viene esaminata criticamente la posizione assunta da Serge Latouche contro lo sviluppo economico. Si tratta di una posizione che gode del favore dell'ambientalismo radicale, ma che qui viene criticata per la debolezza delle sue basi scientifiche, soprattutto in materia di economia politica. Di fatto Latouche č un socio-antropologo che si č occupato di analizzare alcune popolazioni africane, trovando nelle culture originarie dell'Africa un modello che egli vorrebbe proporre in alternativa al modello dello sviluppo scientifico, tecnologico ed economico tipico dell'Occidente. Nel saggio, nel mettere in luce quelle che si considerano debolezze scientifiche della posizione di Latouche, si conclude rilevando come tale posizione possa portare a derive autoritarie, lontane da una qualsivoglia prospettiva riformista.

Questo saggio ha l'obiettivo di analizzare la capacitŕ di adattamento del sistema dei distretti industriali italiani ai cambiamenti in atto nella economia mondiale e nell'universo delle innovazioni tecnologiche. L'analisi viene compiuta con un riferimento costante alle basi cognitive dei processi decisionali degli agenti che operano nei distretti industriali. Il concetto di conoscenza, in effetti, ha una base strettamente cognitivista, a differenza di quanto č accaduto per il concetto di informazione. La riflessione sulla conoscenza in economia politica puň partire dall'idea che ogni sistema economico č incardinato in sistemi piů ampi (politici, culturali, militari, ecc.) che ne condizionano il funzionamento e le dinamiche evolutive. Ne deriva che nel mondo economico i processi dinamici non sono del tutto conoscibili ex ante, a causa dei limiti informativi e dei limiti computazionali a cui sono soggetti gli agenti economici.

This paper analyses the forces at the base of the formation processes of international economic institutions following the fundamental New Institutional Economics (NIE) approach. In particular, the paper assumes that new international economic institutions respond to a principle of procedural rationality. This principle indicates that the formation of institutions takes place in an environment dominated by the bounded rationality of agents that produce institutions based on procedural knowledge accumulated over time. Particular attention is dedicated to the relationship between institutional innovation and economic growth. Specialized institutions stem from this relation, on par with the real economy, and generate more and more complex institutional systems. Within the institutionalist approach to the formation of institutions, the paper highlights Aoki's concepts on "institutionalized linkages" and "institutional complementarity"; these concepts are then correlated to Schelling's "strategy decomposition" concept; subsequently the forces that lead to institutional changes (Aoki and North) are analyzed. Specifically, in light of North's approach, conditions are analyzed that determine changes in institutions governing international trade relations deriving from changes in some structural dimensions such as relative price systems. These changes are possible since governments can renegotiate original agreements giving rise to compensations.

- Europe is struggling to avoid losing position on international markets and in other policies, long, points on an integrated transport policy, namely for a transport network that sees the connection between its various functional components. Italy is part of production networks in Europe and is necessarily part of the process of building an integrated transport system which is based on intermodality. The paper examines the problems that exist in Italy as regards the implementation of an organic transport policy. Under consideration is the structure of the Italian inland terminals, and more, are the deficiencies in the policy for the intermodality. Severe criticism is moved to the choices made in the field of high speed, because the choices made so far do not address the problem of intermodal freight.

- Carlo Cattaneo was one the most eminent thinker of the Italy in the Risorgimento period. His interests were devoted to social sciences with a focus of the economic engineering. This paper is devoted to demonstrate the particular attention of Cattaneo to a particular approach to economics; that is the analysis of Cattaneo to economical facts presents significative conceptual elements of the modern neo-institutional approach. Particularly Cattaneo emphasised the importance of the technological progress, with a particular attention to the role of knowledge and human capital. A significative work of Cattaneo is that one devoted to the analysis of relationship between legal institutions and the professional specializations of Jewes. JEL Classification: B3, B4, B25 Key words: Economic Thought, Carlo Cattaneo