Suchergebnisse

Erhöhte Transparenz- und Nachweispflichten für die operative Leistungserbringung und den Personaleinsatz an der unmittelbaren Kundenschnittstelle schränken die bisherigen Möglichkeiten für Querfinanzierungen von Overheadbereichen ein. Gefordert sind neue Wege in der Steuerung und Führung komplexer Organisationen der Sozialwirtschaft. Patentrezepte für die Neuorganisation gibt es nicht, jedoch typische Ansatzpunkte, meinen Sandra Winter und Attila Nagy von der rosenbaum nagy unternehmensberatung.

Die Strategie-Entwicklung in der Sozialwirtschaft muss heute dynamisiert werden und verschiedene Aspekte wie Personal und Digitalisierung in den Blick nehmen.

Eine professionelle betriebswirtschaftliche und fachliche Steuerung aller Unternehmensbereiche ist heute in der Sozialwirtschaft unabdingbar, um rechtlichen Anforderungen lückenlos gerecht zu werden, Risiken zu vermeiden und ein gutes Leistungsangebot sicherzustellen. Dazu ist es erforderlich, ein optimiertes Gesamtsystem zu schaffen mit einer optimalen Aufgabenteilung zwischen zentralen und dezentralen Einheiten. Doch neue gesetzliche Bestimmungen erschweren die Refinanzierung der Overhead-Bereiche bei sozialen Leistungsanbietern weiter. Attila Nagy und Anne Huffziger von der rosenbaum nagy unternehmensberatung zeigen gangbare Wege aus dieser Zwickmühle auf.

Ein optimal auf die Organisation zugeschnittenes Steuerungssystem benötigt eine gute Infrastruktur sowie eine klare Zuweisung von Aufgaben und Verantwortlichkeiten sowohl für Fachlichkeit wie für Wirtschaftlichkeit.

© 2019 Moreno et al. ; The precise coordination of growth and proliferation has a universal prevalence in cell homeostasis. As a prominent property, cell size is modulated by the coordination between these processes in bacterial, yeast, and mammalian cells, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we show that multifunctional chaperone systems play a concerted and limiting role in cell-cycle entry, specifically driving nuclear accumulation of the G1 Cdk–cyclin complex. Based on these findings, we establish and test a molecular competition model that recapitulates cell-cycle-entry dependence on growth rate. As key predictions at a single-cell level, we show that availability of the Ydj1 chaperone and nuclear accumulation of the G1 cyclin Cln3 are inversely dependent on growth rate and readily respond to changes in protein synthesis and stress conditions that alter protein folding requirements. Thus, chaperone workload would subordinate Start to the biosynthetic machinery and dynamically adjust proliferation to the growth potential of the cell. ; This work was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Consolider-Ingenio 2010, and the European Union (FEDER) to M Aldea. DF Moreno received an FI fellowship from Generalitat de Catalunya.

Loss of proteostasis and cellular senescence are key hallmarks of aging, but direct cause-effect relationships are not well understood. We show that most yeast cells arrest in G1 before death with low nuclear levels of Cln3, a key G1 cyclin extremely sensitive to chaperone status. Chaperone availability is seriously compromised in aged cells, and the G1 arrest coincides with massive aggregation of a metastable chaperone-activity reporter. Moreover, G1-cyclin overexpression increases lifespan in a chaperone-dependent manner. As a key prediction of a model integrating autocatalytic protein aggregation and a minimal Start network, enforced protein aggregation causes a severe reduction in lifespan, an effect that is greatly alleviated by increased expression of specific chaperones or cyclin Cln3. Overall, our data show that proteostasis breakdown, by compromising chaperone activity and G1-cyclin function, causes an irreversible arrest in G1, configuring a molecular pathway postulating proteostasis decay as a key contributing effector of cell senescence. ; This work was funded by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain, Consolider-Ingenio 2010, and the European Union (FEDER) to MA. KJ was supported by the EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Cross-Disciplinary Approaches to Non-Equilibrium Systems (CANES, EP/L015854/1). DFM received an FI fellow of Generalitat de Catalunya.

Budding yeast cells are assumed to trigger Start and enter the cell cycle only after they attain a critical size set by external conditions. However, arguing against deterministic models of cell size control, cell volume at Start displays great individual variability even under constant conditions. Here we show that cell size at Start is robustly set at a single-cell level by the volume growth rate in G1, which explains the observed variability. We find that this growth-rate-dependent sizer is intimately hardwired into the Start network and the Ydj1 chaperone is key for setting cell size as a function of the individual growth rate. Mathematical modelling and experimental data indicate that a growth-rate-dependent sizer is sufficient to ensure size homeostasis and, as a remarkable advantage over a rigid sizer mechanism, it reduces noise in G1 length and provides an immediate solution for size adaptation to external conditions at a population level. ; Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain [BFU2010-20205] ; Consolider-Ingenio [CSD2007-15] ; Italian Research Fund FIRB [RBPR0523C3] ; European Union (FEDER) ; We thank A. Cornado and S. Rius for technical assistance, J.C. Igual for communicating unpublished results and R. Y. Tsien for the mCherry fusion vector. We also thank A. Aubanell, T. Mazza and J. Sanchez-Matamala for key preliminary contributions, and B. Novak, P. Nurse and J. Torres-Rosell for stimulating discussions. This work was funded by the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain (BFU2010-20205), Consolider-Ingenio 2010 (CSD2007-15), the Italian Research Fund FIRB (RBPR0523C3) and the European Union (FEDER). F.F. and N.C. are researchers of the Ramon y Cajal

International audience ; Comment ont évolué les prélèvements d'eau pour l'irrigation dans l'Union européenne ? Quels dispositifs ont été mis en oeuvre dans les États membres pour économiser l'eau ? Quels ont été les résultats les plus probants et avec quelles pratiques innovantes ?Lors du colloque « Économies d'eau en irrigation » organisé en novembre 2019 à Montpellier, des experts européens ont fait le bilan. Leurs témoignages variés montrent qu'à l'échelle européenne, les économies d'eau sont possibles grâce à l'amélioration de l'efficacité globale de l'irrigation, en combinant des technologies (infrastructures, systèmes d'application, outils de planification) et des pratiques plus performantes.