Soft balancing against the United States
In: International security, Band 30, Heft 1, S. 7-45
ISSN: 0162-2889
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In: International security, Band 30, Heft 1, S. 7-45
ISSN: 0162-2889
World Affairs Online
In: Foreign affairs, Band 83, Heft 2, S. 116-130
ISSN: 0015-7120
In: Foreign affairs: an American quarterly review, Band 83, Heft 2, S. 116
ISSN: 2327-7793
In: American political science review, Band 97, Heft 3
ISSN: 1537-5943
In: American political science review, Band 97, Heft 3, S. 343-361
ISSN: 0003-0554
Suicide terrorism is rising around the world, but the most common explanations do not help us understand why. Religious fanaticism does not explain why the world leader in suicide terrorism is the Tamil Tigers in Sri Lanka, a group that adheres to a Marxist/Leninist ideology, while existing psychological explanations have been contradicted by the widening range of socio-economic backgrounds of suicide terrorists. To advance our understanding of this growing phenomenon, this study collects the universe of suicide terrorist attacks worldwide from 1980 to 2001, 188 in all. In contrast to the existing explanations, this study shows that suicide terrorism follows a strategic logic, one specifically designed to coerce modern liberal democracies to make significant territorial concessions. Moreover, over the past two decades, suicide terrorism has been rising largely because terrorists have learned that it pays. Suicide terrorists sought to compel American and French military forces to abandon Lebanon in 1983, Israeli forces to leave Lebanon in 1985, Israeli forces to quit the Gaza Strip and the West Bank in 1994 and 1995, the Sri Lankan government to create an independent Tamil state from 1990 on, and the Turkish government to grant autonomy to the Kurds in the late 1990s. In all but the case of Turkey, the terrorist political cause made more gains after the resort to suicide operations than it had before. Thus, Western democracies should pursue policies that teach terrorists that the lesson of the 1980s and 1990s no longer holds, policies which in practice may have more to do with improving homeland security than with offensive military action. (American Political Science Review / FUB)
World Affairs Online
In: International security, Band 23, Heft 1, S. 66-77
ISSN: 1531-4804
In: Bulletin of the atomic scientists, Band 54, Heft 3, S. 6-6
ISSN: 1938-3282
In: International security, Band 23, Heft 1, S. 66-77
ISSN: 0162-2889
World Affairs Online
In: The bulletin of the atomic scientists: a magazine of science and public affairs, Band 54, Heft 3, S. 6
ISSN: 0096-3402, 0096-5243, 0742-3829
In: Security studies, Band 7, Heft 2, S. 93-114
ISSN: 1556-1852
In: Survival: global politics and strategy, Band 39, Heft 4, S. 25-28
ISSN: 1468-2699
In: Security studies, Band 7, Heft 2, S. 191-214
ISSN: 1556-1852
In: International security, Band 22, Heft 2, S. 90-136
ISSN: 1531-4804
In: International security, Heft 2, S. 90-136
ISSN: 0162-2889
World Affairs Online