Suchergebnisse

AbstractResearch in the field of disability should include the voice of individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID), since these individuals are considered to be the experts on their own experiences. Quality of life (QoL) is a worldwide concept that has been studied in many areas, including ID. Since about the year 2000, researchers have studied QoL of families in many countries around the world, but this body of research has mostly reflected the views of the main caregiver of the person with ID. The major purpose of this study was to give voice to persons with ID, and to explore their perspectives about their FQoL. Four focus groups were conducted with 17 men and women with ID (mild and moderate), aged between 16 and 53 years old. Full transcriptions of the focus group discussions were analyzed with the NVivo 10 software. The findings showed that persons with ID identify family relationships as the most important dimension for FQoL and that some differences between younger and older participants existed. Ethical and practical challenges, as well as the implications for research and intervention are discussed. The inclusion of individuals with ID as informants in research is a way to value their point of view, empower them, and recognize the knowledge that they are able to bring to research.

Il est reconnu dans la Convention relative aux droits des personnes handicapées de l'ONU que le rôle de l'État est
essentiel à la mise en place des conditions propices à l'exercice des droits humains par les personnes ayant des incapacités.
Parmi ces conditions se trouvent les modalités de soutien aux personnes ayant des incapacités. Développés
selon des configurations sociales bien souvent façonnés par les luttes du mouvement de défense des droits, ces services
visent à soutenir ces personnes ayant des incapacités dans leur participation aux activités ordinaires. Leur développement
a été caractérisé par un ensemble de phénomènes qui ramène tantôt à la question du rôle de l'État, tantôt
à celui de la société civile, notamment des acteurs collectifs comme le mouvement de vie autonome des personnes
ayant des incapacités. L'une des dimensions importantes de ce mouvement est précisément reliée au développement
de services visant à soutenir l'exercice des droits humains dans une perspective axée sur l'empowerment. Dans le
cadre du projet DRPI-Canada, la documentation de l'exercice des droits à partir des expériences personnelles a permis
de regarder ce domaine vital d'intervention d'un regard neuf et novateur. Il est novateur dans la mesure où il permet
de faire le lien avec le cadre législatif, légal et politique définissant les paramètres de ce domaine. L'objet de cet
article est de réaliser, dans un premier temps, une analyse comparative de la situation relative aux services de soutien
à domicile à Toronto et à Québec à partir des expériences des personnes ayant des incapacités et, dans un deuxième
temps, de procéder à une mise en contexte des modalités de fonctionnement différenciées de ces services. En plus
de situer des pratiques sociales différentes selon les contextes, cette analyse permettra de les réinscrire au sein du
processus de développement historique du mouvement en faveur de l'exercice des droits des personnes ayant des
incapacités.

Neuroinflammation is an integral part of the neurodegeneration process inherent to several aging dysfunctions. Within the central nervous system, microglia are the effective immune cells, responsible for neuroinflammatory responses. In this study, raspberries were subjected to in vitro digestion simulation to obtain the components that result from the gastrointestinal (GI) conditions, which would be bioaccessible and available for blood uptake. Both the original raspberry extract and the gastrointestinal bioaccessible (GIB) fraction protected neuronal and microglia cells against H2O2-induced oxidative stress and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation, at low concentrations. Furthermore, this neuroprotective capacity was independent of intracellular ROS scavenging mechanisms. We show for the first time that raspberry metabolites present in the GIB fraction significantly inhibited microglial pro-inflammatory activation by LPS, through the inhibition of Iba1 expression, TNF-alpha release and NO production. Altogether, this study reveals that raspberry polyphenols may present a dietary route to the retardation or amelioration of neurodegenerative-related dysfunctions. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ; This work was supported by iNOVA4Health Research Unit (LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-007344), which is co-funded by Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT)/Ministerio da Ciencia e do Ensino Superior, through national funds, and by Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional FEDER (Portugal) under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement. The study was also supported by the FCT projects PTDC/SAU-FAR/118787/2010 and in part by UID/DTP/04138/2013 and the IF/01097/2013 (CNS). Moreover, the authors would also acknowledge the support of the EUBerry FP7 KBBE-2010-4 265942 (DS and CNS), BacHBerry FP7-KBBE-2013-613793 (DS, GG and CNS) and SFRH/BD/86584/2012 (IF). The authors (DS and GMD) also specially acknowledge for the support from the Scottish Government's Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division ...

Parvoviral enteritis is a common viral infection in dogs and is associated with many clinical and hematological changes. Bacterial translocation is a common complication and may result in sepsis. The objective of this study is to determine the presence of clinical and hematological factors associated with the risk of death in puppies with naturally occurring parvoviral enteritis and sepsis. Twenty-four dogs with parvoviral enteritis confirmed by chromatographic immunoassay during the clinical routine of a university veterinary hospital were selected. At admission and every 24 hours until the third day of hospitalization or until death, venous blood samples were collected for complete blood count, renal and hepatic biochemistry, and lactate and magnesium measurement; arterial blood samples were collected for gas analysis. Sodium, potassium, and ionized calcium were also analyzed, and a complete physical examination was performed. The factors associated with mortality were evaluated by Cox univariate analysis at a level of significance of 5%. The increase in urea and heart rate was associated with an increase in the risk of death. In contrast, an increase in total leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, partial pressure of oxygen, base deficit, bicarbonate ion, and oxygen saturation were associated with a reduction in the risk of death.

Frontmatter -- CONTENTS -- ESSAYS -- Harris beyond Hermes -- The Courier de l'Europe, the Gordon Riots and Trials, and the Changing Face of Anglo-French Relations -- Lapdogs/Lenses: Microscopy, Narrative, and The History of Pompey the Little -- Deus sive Natura: The Monistic Link of Spinoza with China -- Murphy and Johnson: Prolegomenon to a New Edition -- SPECIAL FEATURE. The Achievements of John Dennis -- Introduction to Special Feature -- "A Separate Ministry": Dennis, Drury Lane, and Opposition Politics -- "Naked Majesty": The Occasional Sublime and Miltonic Whig History of John Dennis, Poet -- Anatomy of a Pan: John Dennis's Annotated Copy of Blackmore's Prince Arthur -- My Enemy's Enemy: Dennis, Pope, and Edmund Curll -- Ovid Made English: Dennis's Translation of The Passion of Byblis -- BOOK REVIEWS -- Catherine Ingrassia, ed., The Cambridge Companion to Women's Writing in Britain, 1660–1789 -- Stephen Gaukroger, The Natural and the Human: Science and the Shaping of Modernity 1739–1841 -- Malcolm Jack, To the Fairest Cape: European Encounters in the Cape of Good Hope -- Nan Goodman, The Puritan Cosmopolis: The Law of Nations and the Early American Imagination -- Christopher J. Berry, The Idea of Commercial Society in the Scottish Enlightenment -- Stewart Pollens, Stradivari -- Paul Prescott, Reviewing Shakespeare: Journalism and Performance from the Eighteenth Century to the Present -- Jonathan I. Israel, Democratic Enlightenment: Philosophy, Revolution, and Human Rights, 1750–1790 -- Andrew Janiak and Eric Schliesser, eds., Interpreting Newton: Critical Essays -- Geordan Hammond, John Wesley in America: Restoring Primitive Christianity -- Geordan Hammond and David Ceri Jones, eds., George Whitefield: Life, Context, and Legacy -- Felix Waldmann, ed., Further Letters of David Hume -- Henry Hitchings, The World in Thirty-Eight Chapters, or, Dr Johnson's Guide to Life -- Ian Woodfield, Performing Operas for Mozart: Impresarios, Singers and Troupes -- Stephen Rumph, Mozart and Enlightenment Semiotics -- Susan Carlile, Charlotte Lennox: An Independent Mind -- Antoine Quatremère de Quincy, Letters to Miranda and Canova on the Abduction of Antiquities from Rome and Athens, introduction by Dominique Poulot, translation by Chris Miller and David Gilks -- Christine Alexander and Margaret Smith, eds., The Oxford Companion to the Brontës, Anniversary Edition -- About the Contributors