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THIS IS THE TEXT OF AN ADDRESS GIVEN BY THE COMMONWEALTH SECRETARY GENERAL TO THE EMPIRE CLUB OF CANADA ON 12 JANUARY 1987. THE THRUST OF THE ARTICLE DEALS WITH THE COMMONWEALTH'S STAND AGAINST APARTHEID, AND CANADA'S ROLE AS A VITAL AND INFLUENTIAL PROPONENT OF THE AIMS AND ASPIRATIONS OF THE COMMONWEALTH, MOST SPECIFICALLY IN RELATION TO APARTHEID. TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO, A GENERATION OF COMMONWEALTH LEADERS CONCLUDED THAT APARTHEID WAS NOT COMPATIBLE WITH COMMONWEALTH MEMBERSHIP. THAT IS WHY, IN 1961 SOUTH AFRICA HAD TO LEAVE THE COMMONWEALTH, FOLLOWING A COURAGEOUS AND PRINCIPLED STAND IN WHICH A GREAT CANADIAN PRIME MINISTER, JOHN DIEFENBAKER, PLAYED A PROMINENT PART. CANADA HAS CONTINUED TO HAVE AN INSTINCT FOR PEACE THROUGH INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AND FOR FREEDOM AND JUSTICE WORLDWIDE.

Die Wirkungsweise des Commonwealth als internationale Organisation wird erläutert und seine Rolle und Funktion bei der Etablierung einer neuen "Weltordnung" hervorgehoben. Zu den vorrangigenZielen der Organisation zählen die beschleunigte Entkolonialisierung und eine weltweite ökonomische und politische Stabilisierung. (AuD-Fsk)

SUMMARY The USA may be withdrawing from active involvement in North‐South issues. Europe, too, has dragged its feet in the various North‐South fora. Yet the challenge of the South is growing, and is evident in figures on debt, deteriorating terms of trade and protectionism. The EEC has a major role to play in reversing the deterioration of North‐South relations. The Community, in particular, has more interest in the Third World than do some of the member states. It should build on the on the Lomé framework, and move out to other Third World countries.RESUMEN Europa y el Sur en la década 1980Estados Unidos puede retirarse del compromiso activo en los asuntos Norte‐Sur y también Europa ha perdido interés en los diversos foros sobre el tema. No obstante, el desafío del Sur está creciendo y se hace evidente en las cifras de la deuda, el deterioro de los términos de intercambio y el proteccionismo. La CEE tiene un importante rol que cumplir en revertir el deterioro de las relaciones Norte‐Sur. La Comunidad, en especial, tiene más interés en el Tercer Mundo que algunos de los estados miembros y debería basarse en el marco de Lomé y orientarse a otros países del Tercer Mundo.RÉSUMÉ L'Europe et le Sud dans les années 80Les Etats‐Unis envisageraient un retrait de leur participation active dans les problèmes Nord‐Sud. L'Europe aussi a été lente à réagir dans les divers forums Nord‐Sud. Cependant le défi du Sud s'accroît, et cela est évident dans les chiffres des dettes, détériorant les conditions du commerce et du protectionnisme. La CEE a un rôle majeur à jouer dans le retournement de la situation de détérioration des relations Nord‐Sud. La Communauté, en particulier, a plus d'intérêts dans le Tiers‐Monde que certains états‐membres. Elle devrait mettre en place le projet de Lomé, et se tourner vers d'autres pays du Tiers‐Monde.

To speak of international co-operation and development is to speak of the past no less than the present – and of the future also. Indeed, a thin line divides evaluation of the past from analysis of the present, and both from prospects for the future. Let me start with the element of continuum.The Limits To Political IndependenceIt is in man's nature that each generation in turn reflects and inaugurates change. But the character and pace of change are never constant, and there are times when human needs demand that it proceed with unusual urgency. It is in such a time that we live; indeed, already, none of us live any longer in the kind of world into which we were born. Nor any university for that matter. And the rhythm of change is actually gaining momentum.