Suchergebnisse

Abstract
Although reproduction involves (at least) two sexed bodies, men are often missing from in/fertility research. Surveys such as the widely-used Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) engage in often unintentional yet highly consequential practices of gendering. Here we identify two processes through which surveys have the potential to render male infertility invisible: defining the population at risk of infertility in an exclusionary way; and designing survey instruments to select out some groups/issues. Compiling information about survey samples and inclusion criteria in the DHS, and combining this with a qualitative examination of instrument design, we identify areas of men's invisibility across time and place. While inclusion of men in DHS samples has increased over time, some men (e.g. single and divorced, transgender) remain missing in many survey settings. This is problematic from a reproductive justice perspective. Survey results, which both reflect and contribute to men's invisibility, are widely used as an evidence-base for family and population policies. Moreover, reproductive health services are only made available to those whose reproductive health needs are recognized; men's exclusion from the reproductive discourse contributes to the stratification of reproduction. Men's underrepresentation in in/fertility data also reinforces the notion that reproduction is a woman's domain, and so contributes to a system that places responsibility for reproduction on women. It is vital to explore how gender is enacted or 'done' in such research.

What happens when neuroscientific knowledges move from laboratories and clinics into therapeutic settings concerned with the care of children? 'Brain-based parenting' is a set of discourses and practices emerging at the confluence of attachment theory, neuroscience, psychotherapy and social work. The neuroscientific knowledges involved understand affective states such as fear, anger and intimacy as dynamic patterns of coordination between brain localities, as well as flows of biochemical signals via hormones such as cortisol. Drawing on our own attempts to adopt brain-based parenting, and engaging with various strands and critiques of new materialism and affect theory, we explore the ways in which the social sciences and humanities might fruitfully engage with neuroscientific concepts and affects. How does science-affected indeterminacy, with all its promises of ontological and experiential agency, help us to observe, wait, bind or hold together volatile mixtures of habit, speech and action?

Section 1 - ANT as an intellectual practice -- Why and how should we distinguish between modes of doing ANT? / Daniel López Gómez -- How to make concepts with ANT? / Adrian Mackenzie -- Is ANT a critique of capital? / Fabian Muniesa -- How to use ANT in inventive ways so that its critique will not run out of steam? / Michael Guggenheim -- Is ANT's radical empiricism ethnographic? / Brit Ross Winthereik -- Can ANT compare with anthropology? / Atsuro Morita -- How to write after performativity? / José Ossandón -- Section 2 - Engaging dialogues with key intellectual companions -- What can ANT still learn from semiotics? / Alvise Mattozzi -- What can ANT learn from the anthropology of writing? / Jerome Pontille -- What else besides publics could ANT learn from pragmatism? / Noortje Marres -- What is the relevance of Stengers to ANT? / Martin Savransky -- Would we have been better off if ANT had indeed flagged its Deleuzian roots by being called actant-rhizome ontology? / Casper Bruun Jensen -- Why does ANT need Haraway for thinking about (gendered) bodies? / Ericka Johnson -- How does thinking with dementing bodies and A.N. Whitehead reassemble central propositions of ANT? / Michael Schillmeier -- Section 3 - Illicit trading zones of ANT - critical provocations -- What so often goes wrong when people become interested in the non-human? / Nigel Clark -- How to stage a convergence between ANT and Southern Sociologies? / Marcelo C. Rosa -- Is ANT capable of tracing spaces of affect? / Derek McCormack -- What possibilities would a queer actor-network theory generate? / Kane Race -- How can ANT learn from contemporary art? / Francis Halsall -- How to care for our accounts? / Sonja Jerak Zuiderent -- What might ANT learn about difference from Chinese medicine? / Wen-Yuan Lin -- Section 4 - Translating ANT beyond science and technology -- But what about race? / Amade M'charek & Irene Oorschot -- What might we learn from ANT for studying health care issues in the majority world, and what might ANT learn in turn? / Uli Beisel -- What is the value of ANT research into economic valuation devices? / Liliana Doganova -- How does ANT help us rethink the city? / Alexa Färber -- Can ANT cope with subjectivity? / Arthuro Arruda Leal Ferreira -- Why do maintenance and repair matter? / David Denis -- Section 5 - The sites and scales of ANT -- Are parliaments still today privileged sites for studying politics and liberal democracy and at what price? / Endre Danyi -- Is ANT equally good in dealing with local, national, and global natures? / Kristin Asdal -- What happens to ANT, and its emphasis on the socio-material grounding of the social, in digital sociology? / Carolin Gerlitz & Ester Weltervrede -- How do ANT and architectural notions of sites speak to each other? / Albena Yaneva and Brett Mommersteeg -- Does the South Korean city of Kyongju make a specific difference to how ANT can think the category of place? / Robert Oppenheim -- What is ontologically challenging about Paraguayan soybeans when they enter the courtroom? / Kregg Heatherington -- Section 6 - The uses of ANT for public-professional engagement -- Can ANT be a form of activism? / Tomás S. Criado and Israel Rodríguez-Giralt -- Has ANT been helpful for public anthropology after the 3.11 disaster in Japan? / Shuhei Kimura & Kohei Inose -- How can we to move beyond the dialogism of 'the parliament of things' and the 'hybrid forum' when rethinking participatory experiments with ANT? / Claire Waterton and Emma Cardwell -- How well does ANT equip designers for socio-material speculations? / Alex Wilkie -- How to run a hospital with ANT? / Yuri Carvajal Bañados -- Index

This companion explores ANT as an intellectual practice, tracking its movements and engagements with a wide range of other academic and activist projects. Showcasing the work of a diverse set of 'second generation' ANT scholars from around the world, it highlights the exciting depth and breadth of contemporary ANT and its future possibilities. The companion has 38 chapters, each answering a key question about ANT and its capacities. Early chapters explore ANT as an intellectual practice and highlight ANT's dialogues with other fields and key theorists. Others open critical, provocative discussions of its limitations. Later sections explore how ANT has been developed in a range of social scientific fields and how it has been used to explore a wide range of scales and sites. Chapters in the final section discuss ANT's involvement in 'real world' endeavours such as disability and environmental activism, and even running a Chilean hospital. Each chapter contains an overview of relevant work and introduces original examples and ideas from the authors' recent research. The chapters orient readers in rich, complex fields and can be read in any order or combination. Throughout the volume, authors mobilise ANT to explore and account for a range of exciting case studies: from wheelchair activism to parliamentary decision-making; from racial profiling to energy consumption monitoring; from queer sex to Korean cities. A comprehensive introduction by the editors explores the significance of ANT more broadly and provides an overview of the volume. The Routledge Companion to Actor-Network Theory will be an inspiring and lively companion to academics and advanced undergraduates and postgraduates from across many disciplines across the social sciences, including Sociology, Geography, Politics and Urban Studies, Environmental Studies and STS, and anyone wishing to engage with ANT, to understand what it has already been used to do and to imagine what it might do in the future.

Langauge and Discrimination provides a unique and authoritative study of the linguistic dimension of racial discrimination. Based upon extensive work carried out over many years by the Industrial Language Training Service in the U.K, this illuminating analysis argues that a real understanding of how language functions as a means of indirect racial discrimination must be founded on an expanded view of language which recognises the inseparability of language, culture and meaning.After initially introducing the subject matter of the book and providing an overview of discrimination and language le

The provision of 'distant' care to older people living at home through telecare technologies is often contrasted negatively to hands-on, face-to-face care: telecare is seen as a loss of care, a dehumanization. Here we challenge this view, arguing that teleoperators in telecare services do provide care to older people, often at significant emotional cost to themselves. Based on a European Commission-funded ethnographic study of two English telecare monitoring centres, we argue that telecare is not 'disembodied' work, but a form of care performed through the use of voice, knowledge sharing and emotional labour or self-management. We also show, in distinction to discourses promoting telecare in the UK, that successful telecare relies on the existence of social networks and the availability of hands-on care. Telecare is not a substitute for, or the opposite of, hands-on care but is at its best interwoven with it.

International audience ; Through the analysis of three users' organisations, we demonstrate the importance of activities such as the collection, production and dissemination of knowledge in the functioning of these organisations : they are crucial in building users' representations, in creating a space for exchange and negociation with professionals and in setting up " matters of concern " and their publics. Thus, they contribute to install users' organisations as full participants to the childbirth politics. ; Au travers de l'analyse des activités de trois associations, nous montrons le rôle central que joue la collecte, la production et la circulation des connaissances dans ces organisations: ces activités sont cruciales pour construire une représentation des usagers, pour créer un espace d'échange et de négociation avec les professionnels, et pour faire émerger des problèmes et les rendre discutables par l'ensemble des parties concernées. Elles contribuent ainsi à installer les associations comme acteurs de plein droit dans la politique périnatale.