Suchergebnisse

Der Autor vermittelt einen kurzen Überblick über die ökonomische Bedeutung der privatwirtschaftlichen Aktivitäten in Polen. Er verweist darauf, daß der Privatsektor mehr als nur ein Randphänomen der polnischen Volkswirtschaft darstellt. Damit sieht er zugleich das Aaslundsche Gesetz widerlegt, das besagt, daß privatwirtschaftliche Aktivitäten in kommunistischen Ländern notwendiger Weise auf ein Minimum begrenzt sind. Der Verfasser skizziert sodann die Charakteristika der privatwirtschaftlichen Aktivitäten (Bedeutung im Landwirtschafts-, Industrie- und Dienstleistungssektor, Verhältnis zum vergesellschafteten Sektor der Wirtschaft sowie zum Staat). Des weiteren untersucht er die Ursachen für das rapide Anwachsen des Privatsektors und analysiert dessen Entwicklungsperspektiven und ihre möglichen Implikationen für das Wirtschafts- und politische System Polens. (BIOst-Klk)

State control and the private sector. Some focus on "Aaslund's law" on fluctuating levels of private economic activity in communist countries.

The nuclear disaster ot Chemobyl has focussed attention on pollution behind the Iron Curtain Jacek Rostowski, Senior Lacturer in Economics at Kingston Polytechnic and Deputy Director of the Centre for Research into Communist Economies, examines how the closed societies of the Eastern bloc promote pollution in the absence of effective political checks.

The ascent of Mikhail Gorbachev as leader of the USSR was hailed as the end of hardline policies from the Politburo Polish economist Jacek Rostowski questions Gorbachev's relative 'liberalism' and examines communist disagreement on the admission of market forces to economic policy

MR. MIKHAIL GORBACHEV'S LATEST REFORM PROPOSALS, THE LATEST STOP IN THE STOP-GO IMPLEMENTATION OF THE REFORM PROGRAMME IN CHINA, AND THE FEAR THAT HAS BEEN EXPRESSED ON THE SHOP-FLOOR IN HUNGARY THAT THE ECONOMIC REFORM MAY ERODE LIVING STANDARDS HAVE ONCE MORE FOCUSED ATTENTION ON THE ISSUE OF ECONOMIC REFORM IN CENTRALLY-PLANNED ECONOMIES. HOW FAR-REACHING ARE SUCH REFORMS? WHAT ARE THE LIMITS TO REFORMS? AND, LAST BUT NOT LEAST, WHAT ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL CONSEQUENCES MIGHT THEY ENTAIL? THESE ARE SOME OF THE QUESTIONS DISCUSSED IN THIS ARTICLE.

Repeated attempts to salvage Poland's wrecked economy by introducing market‐based reforms and more autonomy for enterprises have been constantly thwarted by the bureaucracy with a vested interest in the status quo. Party officials are unwilling to relinquish their control over supposedly autonomous managers. Poland seems doomed to continued poverty unless it rejects centralised control.

The Eastern Enlargement of the EU will not be complete until the new member states join the EMU. Economic and political economy arguments point to fast EMU accession of new member states. Failure to do so will create a two speed Europe, a fundamental change in the economic and political architecture of the EU, adding to the strains already evident between core and peripheral countries. Current high level of trade and business cycle integration of new member states with the Eurozone, decreases the probability of asymmetric shocks. Lower transaction costs, elimination of exchange rate risk and the danger of currency crises, further trade and investment creation, lower interest rates and large fiscal gains, should outweigh the loss of the exchange rate as adjustment tool. The Eastern Enlargement of the Eurozone provides comprehensive economic analysis of theoretical, empirical and political issues that will determine whether EMU enlargement is a success, which has implications for all common currency systems.

European Union objections to unilateral euroization by applicant countries are categorized as either a misunderstanding of what euroization entails or as justified concern, which should be alleviated by candidates wishing to euroize. Some ways in which candidates can alleviate concerns are discussed, as well as possible adjustments to the Maastricht criteria which might better protect both sides' interests. The paper concludes that the EU would benefit if it accepted unilateral euroization by applicants.JEL classification: E42, F33, F42, P24.

Aus polnischer Sicht + Aus wirtschaftlicher Sicht