In July 2017, IDS hosted a workshop on 'Unpicking Power and Politics for Transformative Change: Towards Accountability for Health Equity', with the aim of generating dialogue and mutual learning among activists, researchers, policymakers, and funders working towards more equitable health systems and a commitment to Universal Health Coverage (UHC). This issue of the IDS Bulletin is based around three principal themes that emerged from the workshop as needing particular attention. First, the nature of accountability politics 'in time' and the cyclical aspects of efforts towards accountability for health equity. Second, the contested politics of 'naming' and measuring accountability, and the intersecting dimensions of marginalisation and exclusion that are missing from current debates. Third, the shifting nature of power in global health and new configurations of health actors, social contracts, and the role of technology.For the first time in IDS Bulletin history, themes are explored not only in text but also through a selection of online multimedia content, including a workshop video, a photo story and a documentary. This expansion into other forms of communication is explicitly aimed at galvanising larger numbers of people in a movement towards UHC and the linked agenda of accountability for health equity.The articles and multimedia in this IDS Bulletin reflect the fact that while the desired outcome might be the same – better health for all – accountability strategies are as diverse as the contexts in which they have developed.
This book offers a comprehensive comparative perspective on the increasingly significant development cooperation activities of the BRICS. Providing a powerful set of insights into the drivers for engagement within each country, it brings together leading experts from Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa and OECD countries. The authors review the empirical evidence for the BRICS' modes of development cooperation and their geographical reach, and explore the historical background and patterns of international development engagement of each country. They also present a cutting-edge analysis of the broader geopolitical shifts, distinctive ideologies and normative discourses that are influencing and informing their engagement in increasingly ambitious joint projects such as the New Development Bank. This collection is essential reading for anyone seeking to understand the rapidly changing landscape of international development.--
À medida que os sistemas agroalimentares globais estão sob crescente tensão, os debates sobre o seu futuro tornaram-se altamente polarizados, expondo diferenças fundamentais nos entendimentos e prioridades: produção industrial versus direitos tradicionais; rendimentos a curto prazo versus sustentabilidade a longo prazo; alimentos baratos versus alimentos saudáveis. O Brasil está no centro desses debates, sendo o Cerrado o centro das atenções desde a Revolução Verde, impulsionada pelos cultivos de soja. Acompanhada pelo desmatamento, degradação do solo e esgotamento dos recursos hídricos, a fronteira de produção agrícola do Brasil mudou-se agora para o norte, na região do Matopiba. Esta edição do IDS Bulletin explora a transformação territorial em curso, considerando as lógicas violentas da extração nas zonas fronteiriças, a apropriação da natureza e a dinâmica da resistência nas esferas local e internacional. Esta edição, ao expor tanto a apropriação material como discursiva vivida pelo Cerrado, caracteriza-o como um local-chave de injustiças multi escalares contra as pessoas e a natureza, que precisam ser tratadas por meio de esforços para garantir sistemas agroalimentares mais justos e sustentáveis.
As global agri-food systems come under increasing stress, debates on their future have become highly polarised, exposing fundamental differences in understandings and priorities: industrial production versus traditional rights; short-term yields versus longer-term sustainability; cheap versus healthy food. Brazil is at the core of these debates, with the Cerrado being centre stage since the soybean-powered Green Revolution. Accompanied by deforestation, soil degradation, and depletion of water resources, Brazil's agricultural production frontier has now moved northwards into the Matopiba region. This issue of the IDS Bulletin explores the ongoing territorial transformation, considering the violent logics of extraction in frontier zones, the grabbing of nature, and the dynamics of resistance in local and international spheres. Exposing both the material and discursive appropriation experienced by the Cerrado, this issue profiles it as a key site of multi-scalar injustices against people and nature that need to be addressed by efforts to secure more just and sustainable agri-food systems.
On the back of its recent economic development and domestic success in the fight against HIV/AIDS, Brazil is helping the Government of Mozambique to set up a pharmaceutical factory as part of its South-South cooperation programme. Until recently, a consensus existed that pharmaceutical production in Africa was not viable or sustainable. This paper looks into practicalities and evolution of this collaboration to illustrate the characteristics of Brazilian development cooperation in health, with the aim of drawing lessons for the wider debate on aid and local production of pharmaceuticals in Africa.
Inequality is a key political issue of our times. It has political consequences, fuelling conflict and raising legitimacy chal‑ lenges for regimes around the world, in democratic and non‑demo‑ cratic settings alike. At the centre of these challenges is the question of accountability: who can be held accountable, on what basis, how and by whom for tackling or failing to tackle which inequalities. In the field of global health, inequality has long been a key issue. A significant body of work — in global health and health systems research — has approached the issue of health inequalities and in‑ equities by highlighting the role of social determinants (Marmot, 2015; Wilkinson; Pickett, 2006; Barreto, 2017). A more recent and less developed stream of work frames them in terms of political de‑ terminants: in other words, seeing them as issues that may be ad‑ dressed through politics as well as policy.