Suchergebnisse

The taxation of coffee in Mysore and Coorg went through three phases during the course of the nineteenth century. Waram tax (1799–1800) of equal sharing of the crop was succeeded by halat (1838) excise duty on the produce exported out of the taluks. Land tax was introduced in Coorg in 1864 and in Mysore in 1881. Coffee was cultivated on high forested hill slopes—in jungles, gardens, backyards, sacred groves and on inam lands. Local tradition, topography of coffee lands, pre-colonial assessment systems and colonialism impacted taxation. The varied sites of coffee cultivation and the long gestation period of the coffee tree influenced imposition of the three taxes. The waram phase was associated with revenue farming (1822–1837) and monopoly over coffee trade. The British administration encouraged the establishment of European plantations. Halat induced expansion of acreage and smuggling of coffee with revenue loss to the state. Increasing demand and competition led to a scarcity of suitable lands. Natives dominated coffee acreage and production in Mysore and preferred halat. Lands were granted with a variable halat and could be resumed if no coffee was planted. European planters wanted a fixed land tax for secure proprietary rights over their estates. A colonial discourse was created on 'slovenly' native coffee cultivation, juxtaposed to superior European plantation methods—thereby pressing for acreage assessment of coffee lands. It was introduced in Coorg, which was part of British India. Acreage tax was introduced after almost two decades of European demand in Mysore: a native Indian state. The state, however, did not give full proprietary rights over lands to the planters.

Rukmini Barua, In the Shadow of the Mill: Transformation of Workers' Neighbourhoods in Ahmedabad, 1920s to 2000 Cambridge University Press, 2022, 305 pp. $110, ISBN: 9781108838115.

Purpose
This study aims to identify the trending topics, emerging themes and future research directions in supply chain management (SCM) through multiple source of data. The insights would be of use to academics, practitioners and policymakers to leverage latest developments in addressing current and future challenges.


Design/methodology/approach
This study uses a multiple source of data such as published literature and social media data including supply chain blogs and forums contents on business-to-business (B2B) firms to identify trending topics, emerging themes and future research directions in SCM. Topic modeling, a machine learning technique, is used to derive the topics and themes. Examining supply chain blogs and forums offer a valuable perspective on current issues and challenges faced by B2B firms. By analyzing the content of these online discussions, the study identifies emerging themes and topics of interest to practitioners and researchers.


Findings
The study synthesizes 1,648 published articles and more than 1.3 lakh tweets, discussions and expert views from social media, including various blogs and supply chain forums, and identifies six themes, of which three are trending, and the other three are emerging themes in the supply chain. Rather than aggregate implications, the study integrates findings from two databases and proposes a framework encompassing the drivers, processes and impacts on each theme and derives promising avenues for future research.


Originality/value
Prior literature has majorly used published research articles and reports as a primary source of information to identify the trending theme and emerging topics. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study of its kind to examine the potential value of information from social media, such as blogs, websites, forums and published literature to discover new supply chain trends and themes related to B2B firms and derive encouraging possibilities for future research.