Suchergebnisse

In Hungary, during 2010-2015 the growing xenophobic attitudes are noticed in the society, and right radical extremist groups gain power. The aim of the article is to identify the most significant factors that encourage xenophobia in Hungary. The types of right organizations and their electoral performance are determined. Our hypothesis is that the activity of right extremist organizations influences the formation of xenophobic social practices in Hungary. By means of factor analysis the author identified the main directions and forms of activity of right radicals, determined the value of socio-economic dynamics of Hungary, characterized the attitudes of society, the law and the ruling elite to the problems of xenophobia and right radicalism. Among the most influential factors we should name: open propaganda of nationalist ideas; constitutional priority to the interests of ethnic Hungarians; parliamentary membership of the Movement "For a Better Hungary"; condoning by the ruling elite, the courts and the police of the right radical activity. The paper presents the trend in the contemporary Hungary: the public demonstrates intolerance to right radicalism in cases of criminal behavior, but for the most part is loyal to its ideologies. Except for oppositional human rights organizations and ethnic communities, a significant part of Hungarian society often shows nearly complete indifference to the issues of xenophobia, racial and ethnic discrimination. The author described five groups of factors that stimulate the reproduction of xenophobic attitudes and practices among various groups of the population: "historical", institutional, socioeconomic, legal and political. The paper uses empirical data of public opinion polls conducted by leading research centers in Hungary, as well as statistical data of public authorities, civil society institutions.

Аналізуються дослідження російських істориків другої половини XIX - початку XX ст., присвячені особистості й діяльності Гетьмана Лівобережної України І. Брюховецького. Автор робить висновок про наявність у російській історіографії єдиного погляду на проблеми, пов'язані з гетьмануванням І. Брюховецького. Російська історіографія визнавала, що в той момент повстання проти Московської Держави було цілком закономірним, тому що Лівобережжя було невдоволене її політикою. ; В статье анализируются исследования русских историков второй половины XIX - начала XX в., посвященное личности и деятельности гетмана Левобережной Украины И. Брюховецкого. Автор делает вывод о присутствии в русской историографии единого взгляда на проблемы, связанные с гетманством И. Брюховецкого. Русская историография признавала, что в тот момент восстание против Московского государства было вполне закономерным, так как Левобережье было недовольно политикой гетмана. ; The aim of the article is to present historiographical analysis of researches of Russian historians of the XIX - early XX centuries. The view point of Russian scientists on hetman I. Briukhovetsky and his activities is considered. Common features in their concepts are revealed. The proposed by the Russian historians motivation of the hetman`s activity is analyzed.Russian historians paid attention to the visit of I. Briukhovetsky to Moscow in 1665 (the first ever visit of Ukrainian hetman of the Russian capital), and to the hetman`s "petition", which contained the request for limitation of Ukrainian autonomy. S. Solovyev, G. Karpov, P. Matveev explained hetman`s action suchwise that he sought to gain outer support in the Moscow government. Approximately the same idea had M.Pokrovsky. S. Solovyev compared I. Briukhovetsky with I. Vyhovsky, who also sought to outer support, but focused not on Russia but on Poland.Thus, Russian historians explained the cause of I. Briukhovetsky`s betrayal as his political mistakes. Russian historians admitted that the revolt at the time was quite natural, as Left-bank Ukraine was dissatisfied with the policy of the royal government. They also considered the death of I. Briukhovetsky to be natural, as he managed to alienate all social layers in Ukraine during his reign, Cossacks as well.

Аналізуються дослідження російських істориків другої половини XIX - початку XX ст., присвячені особистості й діяльності Гетьмана Лівобережної України І. Брюховецького. Автор робить висновок про наявність у російській історіографії єдиного погляду на проблеми, пов'язані з гетьмануванням І. Брюховецького. Російська історіографія визнавала, що в той момент повстання проти Московської Держави було цілком закономірним, тому що Лівобережжя було невдоволене її політикою. ; В статье анализируются исследования русских историков второй половины XIX - начала XX в., посвященное личности и деятельности гетмана Левобережной Украины И. Брюховецкого. Автор делает вывод о присутствии в русской историографии единого взгляда на проблемы, связанные с гетманством И. Брюховецкого. Русская историография признавала, что в тот момент восстание против Московского государства было вполне закономерным, так как Левобережье было недовольно политикой гетмана. ; The aim of the article is to present historiographical analysis of researches of Russian historians of the XIX - early XX centuries. The view point of Russian scientists on hetman I. Briukhovetsky and his activities is considered. Common features in their concepts are revealed. The proposed by the Russian historians motivation of the hetman`s activity is analyzed.Russian historians paid attention to the visit of I. Briukhovetsky to Moscow in 1665 (the first ever visit of Ukrainian hetman of the Russian capital), and to the hetman`s "petition", which contained the request for limitation of Ukrainian autonomy. S. Solovyev, G. Karpov, P. Matveev explained hetman`s action suchwise that he sought to gain outer support in the Moscow government. Approximately the same idea had M.Pokrovsky. S. Solovyev compared I. Briukhovetsky with I. Vyhovsky, who also sought to outer support, but focused not on Russia but on Poland.Thus, Russian historians explained the cause of I. Briukhovetsky`s betrayal as his political mistakes. Russian historians admitted that the revolt at the time was quite natural, as Left-bank Ukraine was dissatisfied with the policy of the royal government. They also considered the death of I. Briukhovetsky to be natural, as he managed to alienate all social layers in Ukraine during his reign, Cossacks as well.

This paper explores how income distribution affects market structure, prices, and economic well-being of different consumer groups. I consider a general equilibrium model of monopolistic competition with free entry, heterogenous firms and consumers that share identical but non-homothetic preferences. The results in the paper suggest that poverty reduction might be of a greater importance than lowering income inequality, as lower income inequality does not necessarily lead to welfare gains of the poor. In particular, I show that higher income inequality may benefit the poor via a trickle-down effect operating through the entry of firms into the market.